Table 5.
Sampling Differences by Recruitment Strategy., New York City (2006-2009)
| Targeted Street Outreach N=217 |
RDS (productive seeds and peer recruits) N=385 |
RDS (productive seeds and peer recruits) vs. Targeted Street Outreach |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % |
P-value (2-sided) |
PR | 95%CI | |
| Gender | <0.01 | ||||||
| Female | 82 | 38.3 | 95 | 24.7 | Ref | Ref | |
| Male | 132 | 61.7 | 289 | 75.3 | 1.28 | 1.10, 1.49 | |
| Race/Ethnicity | <0.01 | ||||||
| Hispanic | 77 | 35.5 | 135 | 35.1 | 1.45 | 1.11, 1.88 | |
| Black | 93 | 42.9 | 213 | 55.3 | 1.58 | 1.23, 2.03 | |
| White/Other | 47 | 21.7 | 37 | 9.6 | Ref | Ref | |
| Education | 0.66 | ||||||
| < High School | 143 | 66.2 | 248 | 64.4 | Ref | Ref | |
| ≥ High School | 73 | 33.8 | 137 | 35.6 | 1.03 | 0.91, 1.16 | |
| Income | 0.20 | ||||||
| ≤ 10,000 | 167 | 81.1 | 310 | 85.2 | Ref | Ref | |
| > 10,000 | 39 | 18.9 | 54 | 14.8 | 0.89 | 0.74, 1.07 | |
| Age (median, IQR) | 32 | 27-37 | 34 | 29-38 | <0.01 | 1.02 | 1.01-1.03 |
| Homeless in last 6 months | <0.01 | ||||||
| No | 92 | 42.4 | 122 | 31.7 | Ref | Ref | |
| Yes | 125 | 57.6 | 263 | 68.3 | 1.19 | 1.04, 1.36 | |
| Injection status | <0.01 | ||||||
| NIDU | 124 | 57.1 | 353 | 91.7 | Ref | Ref | |
| IDU | 93 | 42.9 | 32 | 8.3 | 0.35 | 0.26, 0.47 | |
| HIV status | 0.27 | ||||||
| Negative | 185 | 92.5 | 321 | 89.7 | Ref | Ref | |
| Positive | 15 | 7.5 | 37 | 10.3 | 1.12 | 0.93, 1.35 | |
| Heroin use in the past 6 months | <0.01 | ||||||
| No | 69 | 31.8 | 200 | 52.5 | Ref | Ref | |
| Yes | 148 | 68.2 | 181 | 47.5 | 0.74 | 0.66, 0.83 | |
| Cocaine use in the past 6 months | 0.47 | ||||||
| No | 55 | 25.6 | 88 | 23.0 | Ref | Ref | |
| Yes | 160 | 74.4 | 295 | 77.0 | 1.05 | 0.91, 1.22 | |
| Crack use in the past 6 months | <0.01 | ||||||
| No | 61 | 28.1 | 59 | 15,4 | Ref | Ref | |
| Yes | 156 | 71.9 | 325 | 84.6 | 1.37 | 1.13, 1.67 | |
| Number of people use drugs with | 0.14 | ||||||
| None | 87 | 40.9 | 131 | 34.0 | Ref | Ref | |
| ≥ 1 | 130 | 59.2 | 254 | 66.0 | 1.10 | 0.97, 1.25 | |
| Number of people in network who use drugs |
|||||||
| None | 74 | 34.3 | 103 | 26.8 | 0.05 | Ref | Ref |
| ≥ 1 | 142 | 65.7 | 282 | 73.3 | 1.14 | 0.99, 1.32 | |
|
| |||||||
| IDUs only | |||||||
|
| |||||||
| Ever used needle exchange program |
<0.01 | ||||||
| No | 21 | 22.8 | 19 | 57.6 | Ref | Ref | |
| Yes | 71 | 77.2 | 14 | 42.4 | 0.35 | 0.19, 0.62 | |
| Injection frequency (Median, IQR)1 | 6 | 4-6 | 4 | 1-6 | <0.01 | 0.77 | 0.72-0.83 |
Abbreviations: CI, Confidence Interval; IDU, Injection Drug User; NIDU, Non-injection Drug User; RDS, Respondent Driven Sampling; IQR, Interquartile Range
1
0=never, 1=once a month or less, 2=2-3 days/month, 3=once/month, 4=2-3 days/week, 5=4-6 days/week, 6=everyday