Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study sample (n = 389).
| No. | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Gender (female) | 211 | 54.2 |
| Age group (older) | 235 | 60.4 |
| Education (left <16 years) | 199 | 51.2 |
| Not being in employment | 140 | 36.0 |
| Dissatisfaction with work status | 164 | 42.2 |
| Work absence | 98 | 25.2 |
| Previous history | 338 | 86.9 |
| Long duration | 165 | 42.4 |
| High functional disability | 118 | 30.3 |
| High pain intensity | 181 | 46.5 |
| Leg pain | 258 | 66.3 |
| Distal leg pain | 165 | 42.4 |
| Upper body pain | 286 | 73.5 |
| Bothersomeness | 204 | 52.4 |
| Anxiety | 136 | 35.0 |
| Depression | 96 | 24.7 |
| Fear-avoidance | 90 | 23.1 |
| Catastrophising | 107 | 27.5 |
| Poor self-rated health | 152 | 39.1 |
| Low vitality | 107 | 27.5 |