Table 1.

Characteristics of case-study sites

	Organisational innovation based on evidence-based model	Locally designed organisational innovation
Primary care-based organisational innovation	Case A Clinical speciality: cancer genetics Led by a nurse Commissioned by PCT	Case B General primary care genetics Led by a general practitioner Commissioned by PCT initially, funding currently halted
Hospital-based organisational innovation	Case C (tertiary care) Clinical speciality: cancer genetics Led by a consultant clinical geneticist Commissioned by a consortium of PCTs	Case D (secondary care) Other clinical specialitya Jointly led by genetics and mainstream consultants Funded through integration into mainstream service

^aTo preserve anonymity, the clinical speciality of this site is not disclosed (since it was one of only a few). It is a lower-profile clinical area than cancer.

PCT = primary care trust.