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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Mar 23.
Published in final edited form as: Oncogene. 2008 Oct 20;27(48):6245–6251. doi: 10.1038/onc.2008.301

Figure 1. MAP3Ks and MAP2Ks involved in the activation of JNKs.

Figure 1

At least fourteen MAP3Ks have been shown to activate the MAP2Ks MKK4 and/or MKK7. MKK4 can activate JNKs as well as p38MAPKs (not shown), whereas MKK7 specifically activates JNKs. MKK4 and MKK7 can activate all of the three isoforms of JNKs by phosphorylating the Thr- and Tyr-residues of the TXY motif.