Table 2.

Prognostic value of LGD, abnormal DNA ploidy, p53 immunopositivity and inflammatory activity for neoplastic progression in high-risk IBD patients according to Cox regression analysis with time-dependent covariates

Variable	Adjusted for age		Adjusted for age and LGD		Adjusted for all other variables
	HR (95%CI)	p	HR (95%CI)	p	HR (95%CI)	p
LGD	5.5 (2.6–11.5)	<0.0001			2.0 (0.8–4.9)	0.2
DNA ploidy, 1.06≤DI≤1.34a	4.7 (2.9–7.8)	<0.0001	3.6 (2.2–5.9)	<0.0001	4.3 (2.5–7.2)	<0.0001
DNA ploidy, DI >1.34	6.6 (3.7–11.7)	<0.0001	5.3 (3.3–8.3)	<0.0001	4.8 (2.3–9.6)	<0.0001
p53 immunopositivityb	3.0 (1.9–4.7)	<0.0001	2.2 (1.3–3.7)	0.002	1.7 (1.0–3.1)	0.04
Mildly active inflammation	2.3 (0.9–5.3)	0.07	2.1 (0.8–5.4)	0.1	1.9 (0.7–4.9)	0.2
Moderately active inflammation	4.1 (1.8–9.1)	0.001	4.0 (1.7–9.6)	0.002	3.0 (1.2–7.2)	0.02
Severely active inflammation	3.4 (1.4–8.2)	0.005	4.7 (2.2–9.9)	<0.0001	2.3 (0.9–5.9)	0.1

^aDI, DNA index, calculated as ratio of the abnormal G₀/G₁ mean peak channel number to the normal diploid G₀/G₁ mean peak channel number

^bp53 immunopositivity, defined as moderate and intense brown staining in >15% of the nuclei [14]

LGD, low grade dysplasia