Figure 2.

Adjusted HR of microalbuminuria development in type 2 diabetic patients for overall subjects and those with good metabolic profiles at baseline. Type 2 diabetic patients with good metabolic profiles were those who had no ACEI/ARB use, BMI <24 kg/m², triglycerides <150 mg/dL, waist circumference <80 cm (female) or <90 cm (male), HDL cholesterol >40 mg/dL (male) or >50 mg/dL (female), and blood pressure <130/80 mmHg. The controlled covariates in the survival analyses included demographics (baseline age, sex, education, smoking status, and diabetes duration) and baseline biomedical profiles (waist circumference, BMI, triglycerides, ACR, HDL cholesterol, HbA_1c, and mean arterial pressure). The reference group for each model was those who were in the lowest quartile of the corresponding HOMA-IR index. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was calculated by the formula: mean arterial pressure = diastolic blood pressure + 1/3 (systolic blood pressure – diastolic blood pressure). T2DM, type 2 diabetes. †Test for trend. *P < 0.05 in multivariable Cox proportional hazards model.