Table I.
Etiology of cerebral palsy
| Cerebral palsy etiology | Number of occurrences (%) | Description (n) |
|---|---|---|
| Perinatal brain injury | 207 (79.7) | Brain injury due to perinatal asphyxia or associated with prematurity |
| Traumatic brain injury | 13 (4.9) | Accidental and non-accidental |
| Vascular/hypoxic event | 10 (3.8) | Embolic stroke (2) |
| Arterial stroke of unknown etiology (2) | ||
| Sagittal sinus thrombosis (1) | ||
| Global hypoxia/anoxia during cardiac arrest (1) | ||
| AVM rupture (2) | ||
| Stroke associated with CNS vasculitis (1) | ||
| Factor V Leiden deficiency (1) | ||
| Postinfectious | 11(4.2) | Encephalitis NOS (2) |
| Congenital viral meningitis (CMV, HIV, HSV) (6) | ||
| Bacterial meningitis (2) | ||
| Malarial cerebritis (1) | ||
| Structural abnormality | 8 (3.1) | Amniotic banding with cerebrocraniofacial abnormalities (1) |
| Congenital spinal cord malformation (2) | ||
| Brain tumor (1) | ||
| Encephalocele (2) | ||
| Dandy Walker malformation (2) | ||
| Inherited disorder | 7 (2.7) | Mitochondrial encephalopathy (3) |
| Leukodystrophy (2) | ||
| Chromosome translocation (1) | ||
| Genetic syndrome of unknown type (1) | ||
| Movement disorder | 3 (1.2) | Huntington disease (1) |
| Generalized dystonia (1) | ||
| Olivopontocerebellar atrophy (1) | ||
| Metabolic disorder | 2 (0.8) | Hartnups (1) |
| Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (1) |
AVM, arterial venous malformation; NOS, not otherwise specified; CMV, cytomegalovirus; HSV, herpes simplex virus.