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. 2011 Mar 25;6(3):e17924. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017924

Figure 10. Proliferation restricting pathways in the pituitary gonadotroph cell lineage.

Figure 10

FOXL2 directly activates the clusterin promoter, while Pttg overexpression results in proliferation, DNA damage and stimulation of C/EBPβ and δ; C/EBPs activate the clusterin promoter. High levels of secretory clusterin trigger expression of Cdk inhibitors p15, p16 and p27, and C/EBPβ also cooperates to induce p15. Up-regulated tumor suppressor proteins likely underlie proliferation restraint preventing uncontrolled growth of benign pituitary adenomas of gonadotroph cell origin.