Table 2. miRNAs as potential prognostic and predictive markers for CRC.

miRNA	Dysregulationa	Clinical-related phenotypes	Reference
let-7g	Upregulated in CRC	Higher level associated with poor S-1 response	Nakajima et al, 2006
miR-18a	Upregulated in CRC	Higher level associated with poor overall survival	Motoyama et al, 2009
miR-21	Upregulated in adenoma, CRC, and liver metastasis tissue	Higher level associated with lymph node positivity, metastasis; poor survival, poor therapeutic outcomes, rapid recurrence; shorter disease-free interval	Slaby et al, 2007; Schetter et al, 2008; Kulda et al, 2010
miR-31	Upregulated in CRC	Higher level associated with higher TNM stages and local invasion	Bandrés et al, 2006; Slaby et al, 2007; Wang et al, 2009
miR-106a	Upregulated in colon cancer	Higher level associated with longer disease-free survival and overall survival	Díaz et al, 2008; Schetter et al, 2008
miR-143	Downregulated in colon cancer and liver metastasis tissue	Lower level associated with larger tumour size and longer disease-free interval	Slaby et al, 2007; Motoyama et al, 2009; Wang et al, 2009; Kulda et al, 2010;
miR-145	Downregulated in CRC	Lower level associated with large tumour size; related with tumour location	Slaby et al, 2007; Motoyama et al, 2009 Wang et al, 2009;
miR-181b	Upregulated in CRC	Higher level associated with poor S-1 response	Nakajima et al, 2006
miR-320	Downregulated in MSS tumour	Lower level associated with shorter progression-free survival	Schepeler et al, 2008
miR-498	Downregulated in MSS tumour	Lower level associated with shorter progression-free survival	Schepeler et al, 2008

Abbreviations: CRC=colorectal cancer; miRNA=microRNA; MSS=microsatellite stable tumour; TNM=tumour-node-metastasis.

^aUp- or downregulation is stated as miRNA expression relative to normal colon tissue, or MSS relative to MSI.