Table 5.
Lifetime and Baseline Treatment History in Clinical High Risk Subjects
| Baseline | Lifetime | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychotropic Medication |
p | Psychosocial Treatment |
p | Psychotropic Medication |
p | Psychosocial Treatment |
p | |||||
| Mean(SD) | Yes N=144 |
No N=206 |
Yes N=172 |
No N=141 |
Yes N=215 |
No N=143 |
Yes N=257 |
No N=56 |
||||
| Demographics | ||||||||||||
| Age | 18.11(4.47) | 18.38(4.96) | NS | 17.42(4.70) | 19.54(4.81) | <.0.01 | 18.63(4.49) | 17.79(5.05) | NS | 17.98(4.79) | 19.83(4.72) | <0.01 |
| Gender (% male) | 58.3% | 61.7% | NS | 63.4% | 57.4% | NS | 62.3% | 58.7% | NS | 61.5% | 55.2% | NS |
| Ethnicity (% Hispanic) | 12.7% | 12.8% | NS | 15.7% | 12.8% | NS | 12.7% | 16.9% | NS | 14.8% | 12.5% | NS |
| Education | 10.39(3.04) | 10.4(3.11) | NS | 9.78(3.10) | 11.18(2.90) | <0.01 | 10.76(3.04) | 9.80(2.99) | <0.01 | 10.15(3.09) | 11.47(3.10) | <0.01 |
| Fam Hx Psychosis | 41.0% | 46.9% | NS | 49.6% | 38.1% | NS | 42.0% | 49.0% | NS | 46.5% | 36.0% | NS |
| Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes | ||||||||||||
| Unusual Thought Content | 3.04(1.53) | 3.13(1.60) | NS | 3.09(1.54) | 3.04(1.58) | NS | 3.13(1.55) | 3.08(1.59) | NS | 3.03(1.55) | 3.25(1.60) | NS |
| Suspiciousness | 2.86(1.57) | 2.83(1.46) | NS | 2.89(1.41) | 2.85(1.59) | NS | 2.91(1.55) | 2.78(1.42) | NS | 2.86(1.46) | 2.95(1.63) | NS |
| Grandiosity | 1.12(1.34) | 1.11(1.38) | NS | 1.12(1.36) | 1.01(1.30) | NS | 1.15(1.40) | 1.06(1.28) | NS | 1.06(1.27) | 1.16(1.59) | NS |
| Hallucinations | 2.92(1.72) | 2.96(1.75) | NS | 3.09(1.70) | 2.75(1.82) | NS | 3.05(1.68) | 2.83(1.78) | NS | 2.98(1.73) | 2.73(1.89) | NS |
| Disorganized Communication | 1.65(1.32) | 1.95(1.50) | NS | 1.95(1.48) | 1.63(1.48) | NS | 1.77(1.39) | 2.01(1.51) | NS | 1.82(1.52) | 1.70(1.28) | NS |
| Positive Total | 11.60(3.69) | 11.97(4.25) | NS | 12.14(3.79) | 11.29(4.33 | NS | 12.02(3.96) | 11.76(4.20) | NS | 11.76(3.94) | 11.79(4.53) | NS |
| Social Anhedonia | 2.42(1.82) | 2.46(1.99) | NS | 2.62(1.97) | 2.27(1.90) | NS | 2.48(1.84) | 2.46(2.06) | NS | 2.51(1.94) | 2.20(1.86) | NS |
| Avolition | 2.42(1.66) | 2.25(1.76) | NS | 2.36(1.71) | 2.12(1.69) | NS | 2.47(1.67) | 2.16(1.79) | NS | 2.29(1.71) | 2.20(1.61) | NS |
| Expression of Emotion | 1.50(1.56) | 1.40(1.60) | NS | 1.52(1.64) | 1.39(1.63) | NS | 1.48(1.53) | 1.48(1.70) | NS | 1.48(1.62) | 1.38(1.71) | NS |
| Experience of Emotion/Self | 1.54(1.79) | 1.41(1.63) | NS | 1.33(1.62) | 1.43(1.72) | NS | 1.64(1.81) | 1.29(1.52) | NS | 1.42(1.69) | 1.25(1.63) | NS |
| Ideation Richness | 1.21(1.42) | 1.22(1.50) | NS | 1.43(1.53) | 0.88(1.35) | <0.01 | 1.27(1.46) | 1.25(1.53) | NS | 1.21(1.49) | 1.00(1.36) | NS |
| Occupation Functioning | 2.85(1.82) | 3.21(1.89) | NS | 3.25(1.74) | 2.73(2.02) | <0.05 | 3.05(1.86) | 3.12(1.88) | NS | 3.14(1.82) | 2.50(2.19) | <0.05 |
| Negative Total | 11.80(6.43) | 11.94(7.02) | NS | 12.33(6.46) | 10.81(7.05) | NS | 12.28(6.54) | 11.78(7.35) | NS | 11.91(6.59) | 10.52(7.38) | NS |
| Odd Behavior/Appearance | 1.35(1.36) | 1.41(1.52) | NS | 1.71(1.45) | 1.05(1.38) | <0.01 | 1.35(1.37) | 1.49(1.58) | NS | 1.53(1.46) | 0.84(1.28) | <0.01 |
| Bizarre Thinking | 1.57(1.45) | 1.78(1.56) | NS | 1.96(1.58) | 1.42(1.47) | <0.01 | 1.64(1.44) | 1.82(1.64) | NS | 1.86(1.56) | 1.09(1.35) | <0.01 |
| Trouble w/Focus and Attention | 2.46(1.27) | 2.48(1.46) | NS | 2.52(1.42) | 2.45(1.40) | NS | 2.46(1.39) | 2.51(1.38) | NS | 2.50(1.44) | 2.45(1.32) | NS |
| Personal Hygiene | 0.90(1.28) | 0.79(1.22) | NS | 0.90(1.25) | 0.76(1.27) | NS | 0.91(1.32) | 0.77(1.15) | NS | 0.90(1.27) | 0.61(1.20) | NS |
| Disorganized Total | 6.29(3.69) | 6.44(3.89) | NS | 7.08(3.83) | 5.68(3.91) | <0.01 | 6.36(3.72) | 6.59(4.02) | NS | 6.78(3.86) | 4.98)3.83) | <0.01 |
| Sleep Disturbance | 2.03(1.63) | 1.98(1.75) | NS | 2.13(1.70) | 1.83(1.75) | NS | 2.06(1.69) | 1.97(1.73) | NS | 2.09(1.72) | 1.66(1.68) | NS |
| Dysphoric Mood | 3.36(1.59) | 2.84(1.82) | <0.01 | 3.06(1.68) | 2.92(1.83) | NS | 3.26(1.64) | 2.76(1.83) | <0.01 | 3.12(1.69) | 2.52(1.89) | <0.05 |
| Motor Disturbance | 0.75(1.12) | 0.68(1.23) | NS | 0.65(1.14) | 0.74(1.18) | NS | 0.73(1.12) | 0.71(1.29) | NS | 0.65(1.12) | 0.91(1.33) | NS |
| Impaired Tolerance to Normal Stress | 2.26(1.77) | 2.11(1.74) | NS | 2.26(1.75) | 2.11(1.83) | NS | 2.23(1.79) | 2.14(1.72) | NS | 2.31(1.77) | 1.68(1.75) | <0.05 |
| General Total | 8.40(4.19) | 7.59(4.54) | NS | 8.08(4.27) | 7.60(4.64) | NS | 8.27(4.28) | 7.57(4.58) | NS | 8.16(4.36) | 6.77(4.62) | <0.05 |
| SIPS Total | 37.89(14.74) | 38.11(14.74) | NS | 39.57(13.50) | 35.33(15.04) | <.0.05 | 38.77(13.24) | 37.96(15.62) | NS | 38.52(13.88) | 34.05(15.62) | <0.05 |
| Prodromal Syndrome | ||||||||||||
| Attenuated Positive Symptoms | 95.1% | 96.6% | NS | 96.5% | 95.7% | NS | 96.3% | 95.8% | NS | 97.3% | 91.1% | <0.05 |
| Brief Intermittent Psychotic Symptoms | 4.2% | 3.9% | NS | 2.9% | 5.0% | NS | 4.2% | 3.5% | NS | 2.7% | 8.9% | <0.05 |
| Genetic Risk & Deterioration | 8.2% | 13.4% | NS | 13.3% | 10.3% | NS | 9.0% | 16.3% | <.0.05 | 13.2% | 7.8% | NS |
| Functioning | ||||||||||||
| Premorbid functioning | 0.30(0.15) | 0.33(0.17) | NS | 0.26(0.17) | 0.33(0.16) | NS | 0.32(0.16) | 0.32(0.16) | NS | 0.33(0.16) | 0.30(0.17) | <0.01 |
| GAF | 47.23(12.72) | 45.92(11.76) | NS | 43.85(10.15) | 50.07(12.99) | <0.01 | 46.53(11.78) | 46.35(12.79) | NS | 44.94(11.12) | 53.61(12.73) | <0.01 |
| Social Function | 6.31(1.42) | 6.13(1.54) | NS | 6.04(1.35) | 6.47(1.58) | <0.01 | 6.21(1.37) | 6.13(1.66) | NS | 6.15(1.41) | 6.66(1.71) | <0.05 |
| Role Function | 6.12(1.84) | 6.06(1.61) | NS | 5.99(1.52) | 6.49(1.67) | <0.01 | 5.99(1.78) | 6.20(1.58) | NS | 6.12(1.54) | 6.59(1.84) | <0.05 |
| Psychological Function | 5.58(1.07) | 5.76(0.85) | NS | 5.73(0.77) | 5.89(0.95) | NS | 5.6(1.06)* | 5.84(0.85) | <0.05 | 5.78(0.83) | 5.95(0.98) | NS |
| Comorbid Conditions | ||||||||||||
| Schizotypal Personality Disorder | 20.0% | 28.6% | NS | 36.1% | 19.4% | <0.01 | 23.9% | 29.1% | NS | 32.4% | 9.1% | <0.01 |
| Alcohol Use | 49.3% | 43.6% | NS | 41.7% | 52.2% | 0.10 | 51.5% | 36.4% | <0.01 | 44.5% | 52.8% | NS |
| Substance Use | 41.0% | 39.9% | NS | 35.0% | 44.8% | 0.10 | 44.8% | 32.6% | <0.05 | 38.1% | 42.6% | NS |
| Depression | 38.0% | 24.2% | <.0.01 | 27.0% | 23.2% | NS | 37.2% | 17.9% | <0.01 | 26.5% | 20.0% | NS |
| Panic Disorder | 10.9% | 4.8% | <0.05 | 4.5% | 8.1% | NS | 10.5% | 2.2% | <0.05 | 7.0% | 4.0% | NS |
| Social Phobia | 15.5% | 10.3% | NS | 11.6% | 10.5% | NS | 16.0% | 6.5% | <0.05 | 11.4% | 10.0% | NS |