TABLE 1.

Estradiol (E₂) and Estrone (E₁) Levels Prior to and After Acute 17β–Estradiol Treatment Via Transdermal Patch, Oral pills, and Vaginal Ring

Treatment Group	Range	Mean
DMPA-Only 1
E2, pg/mL	<20–56	30.9±5.3
E1, pg/mL	17–53	37.9±1.93
E2/E1 ratio	0.67–1.65	0.8±0.1
DMPA-Only 2
E2, pg/mL	23–44	35.3±4.9
E1, pg/mL	28–48	39.7±2.0
E2/E1 ratio	0.69–1.06	0.9±0.1
DMPA-Only 3
E2, pg/mL	<20–50	34.0±4.1
E1, pg/mL	29–52	40.5±1.6
E2/E1 ratio	0.68–1.19	0.8±0.1
DMPA+E2 Oral Pills
E2, pg/mL	26–182	75.2±19.1*
E1, pg/mL	89–879	484.6±100.4 *‡
E2/E1 ratio	0.53–2.39	0.2±0.1 †
DMPA E2 Vaginal Ring
E2, pg/mL	27–109	51.6±10.9*
E1, pg/mL	35–94	63.1±7.4*
E2/E1 ratio	0.36–1.16	0.8±0.1
DMPA E2 Transdermal Patch
E2, pg/mL	2–318	115.9±33.8*
E1, pg/mL	38–133	77.5±13.6*
E2/E1 ratio	0.52–2.39	1.4±0.2*

Values are mean±SE.

^*indicates a significantly higher estrogen value versus DMPA-Only (all P< 0.05).

^†indicates a significantly lower E₂/E₁ ratio value versus DMPA-Only, E₂ Vaginal Ring, and E₂ Transdermal Patch (P< 0.05).

^‡indicates a significantly higher estrone value versus DMPA-Only, E₂ Vaginal Ring, and E₂ Transdermal Patch (P< 0.001).