Table 2.
Location and magnitude of maximal declines in regional glucose metabolism
| Region | Atlas
coordinates*
|
Z score† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| x | y | z | ||
| ɛ4 heterozygotes | ||||
| Temporal cortex | 66 | −38 | 8‡ | 4.36 |
| −34 | −24 | 16 | 4.53 | |
| −52 | −40 | 2 | 3.74 | |
| Posterior cingulate cortex | 12 | −46 | 8‡ | 4.32 |
| Prefrontal cortex | 62 | 12 | 6‡ | 4.25 |
| 54 | 30 | −10 | 4.49 | |
| 30 | 62 | 4 | 4.17 | |
| −64 | 14 | 12 | 3.58 | |
| −36 | 56 | 8 | 4.04 | |
| −4 | 60 | −14 | 4.01 | |
| Anterior cingulate cortex | 0 | 22 | 28 | 3.77 |
| 0 | 48 | −2 | 3.22 | |
| Basal forebrain | −8 | 8 | −14‡ | 5.03 |
| Parahippocampal/lingual gyri | 12 | −46 | 4‡ | 4.79 |
| Thalamus | 8 | −22 | 2‡ | 4.97 |
| −6 | −20 | 4 | 4.07 | |
| Lentiform nucleus | 30 | −6 | 4 | 4.70 |
| Caudate nucleus | −8 | 10 | −4 | 3.40 |
| Midbrain | −2 | −24 | −12 | 3.59 |
| ɛ4 noncarriers | ||||
| Posterior cingulate cortex | 8 | −22 | 34§ | 3.92 |
| Parietal cortex | 70 | −34 | 34 | 3.46 |
| 56 | −58 | 32§ | 3.35 | |
| −60 | −30 | 34 | 3.70 | |
| Anterior cingulate cortex | −6 | 38 | 12§ | 3.49 |
| Caudate nucleus | 14 | 2 | 14§ | 3.50 |
| ɛ4 heterozygotes > ɛ4 noncarriers | ||||
| Temporal cortex | 66 | −38 | 12 | 3.69 |
| −50 | −14 | 6 | 4.25 | |
| −52 | −38 | 4 | 3.41 | |
| −36 | −24 | 16 | 3.16 | |
| Occipitotemporal cortex | 42 | −70 | −8 | 3.52 |
| −36 | −62 | 8 | 3.75 | |
| Posterior cingulate | 12 | −46 | 8 | 4.33 |
| Prefrontal cortex | 62 | 12 | 6 | 4.20 |
| 38 | 62 | 6 | 3.78 | |
| 32 | 40 | −14 | 3.89 | |
| −64 | 12 | 12 | 3.46 | |
| −40 | 58 | 8 | 3.44 | |
| −12 | 60 | −14 | 3.60 | |
| Basal forebrain | −8 | 8 | −14 | 4.47 |
| Hippocampal formation | 28 | −36 | −2 | 4.19 |
| Parahippocampal/lingual gyri | 12 | −46 | 4 | 4.88 |
| Fusiform gyrus | −32 | −50 | −10 | 3.20 |
| Thalamus | 6 | −26 | 2 | 5.01 |
| −4 | −22 | 0 | 4.20 | |
| Lentiform nucleus | 30 | −6 | 4 | 3.79 |
| Midbrain | 0 | −24 | −10 | 4.14 |
| Cerebellum | 18 | −48 | −8 | 3.64 |
Coordinates from the atlas of Talairach and Tournoux (19). x is the distance in mm to the right (+) or left (−) of midline; y is the distance anterior (+) or posterior (−) to the anterior commissure, and z is the distance superior (+) or inferior (−) to a horizontal plane through the anterior and posterior commissures.
P < 0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons.
Location in which data were extracted from each scan, plotted graphically (Fig. 2), and used to estimate the number of ɛ4 heterozygotes needed to test the potential efficacy of Alzheimer's prevention therapies (Table 3).
Location in which data were extracted from each scan and used to estimate the number of ɛ4 noncarriers needed to detect an attenuation in age-related CMRgl decline (Table 3).