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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Nutr. 2010 Jun;29(3 Suppl):314S–323S. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2010.10719846

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Palm oil–derived natural vitamin E attenuates the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade in brain injury. Following release from the lipid membrane bilayer by phospholipase A2 (PLA2), the polyunsaturated fatty acid AA undergoes oxidative metabolism in nonenzymatic and enzymatic pathways. Well known for their antioxidant function, natural vitamin E isomers α-tocotrienol (αTCT) and α-tocopherol (αTOC) inhibit nonenzymatic oxidative lipid metabolism of AA. Independent of antioxidant function common to all vitamin E isomers, αTCT is a specific and potent inhibitor of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), c-Src kinase (c-Src), and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) at nanomolar concentrations.