Table 4.
Influences of demographic and health characteristics on self-reported initiation of health-behaviour change.
| Overall health-behaviour change | More physical activity | Quit smoking | Reduced alcohol intake | Improved diet | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR [95% CI] | OR [95% CI] | OR [95% CI] | OR [95% CI] | OR [95% CI] | |
| Sex | |||||
| Male‡ | |||||
| Female | 0.88[0.63 - 1.23] | 1.20[0.82 - 1.76] | 2.00[0.76 - 5.24] | 0.89[0.47 - 1.69] | 1.25[0.84 - 1.88] |
| Age | |||||
| 40-49 years‡ | |||||
| <30 years | 1.05[0.47 - 2.36] | 1.44[0.57 - 3.66] | ** | 1.67[0.39 - 7.07] | 2.04[0.72 - 5.81] |
| 30-39 years | 0.92[0.61 - 1.39] | 1.14[0.71 - 1.85] | 1.66[0.53 - 5.25] | 1.54[0.70 - 3.36] | 1.00[0.61 - 1.63] |
| >50 years | 1.39[0.94 - 2.06] | 0.90[0.58 - 1.39] | 0.55[0.17 - 1.83] | 1.33[0.68 - 2.59] | 1.13[0.70 - 1.81] |
| Education level | |||||
| Low‡ | |||||
| Midlevel | 1.08[0.69 - 1.70] | 1.07[0.63 - 1.81] | 1.37[0.36 - 5.20] | 0.64[0.30 - 1.37] | 1.10[0.62 - 1.96] |
| High | 0.99[0.65 - 1.49] | 1.20[0.74 - 1.94] | 1.10[0.31 - 3.93] | 0.50[0.25 - 0.99] | 0.64[0.38 - 1.07] |
| Framingham 10 year CVD risk score (%) | |||||
| Low CVD risk (Framingham score < 10%)‡ | |||||
| Intermediate CVD risk (Framingham score ≥ 10% - < 20%) | 1.74[1.10 - 2.74] | 1.40[0.84 - 2.32] | 1.83[0.48 - 7.02] | 1.29[0.63 - 2.63] | 1.11[0.65 - 1.90] |
| High CVD risk (Framingham score ≥ 20%) | 1.82[0.92 - 3.59] | 2.76[1.29 - 5.90] | 3.88[0.80 - 18.75] | 1.83[0.72 - 4.63] | 1.03[0.47 - 2.29] |
| Body Mass Index category | |||||
| Normal weight: Body Mass Index < 25 kg/m2 ‡ | |||||
| Overweight: Body Mass Index ≥ 25 - < 30 kg/m2 | 1.63[1.13 - 2.36] | 1.56[1.03 - 2.36] | 0.89[0.29 - 2.68] | 1.69[0.91 - 3.14] | 1.44[0.93 - 2.23] |
| Obese: Body Mass Index ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 1.76[1.00 - 3.10] | 3.35[1.72 - 6.54] | 2.57[0.42 - 15.81] | 1.20[0.45 - 3.19] | 3.38[1.50 - 7.60] |
| Current smoking status | |||||
| non-smoker‡ | |||||
| smoker | 1.03[0.70 - 1.51] | 0.89[0.58 - 1.38] | †† | 1.36[0.74 - 2.49] | 0.93[0.59 - 1.47] |
| Satisfaction | |||||
| Negative overall mark‡ | |||||
| Positive overall mark | 2.77[1.73 - 4.44] | 1.89[1.06 - 3.39] | 0.70[0.17 - 2.85] | 1.56[0.64 - 3.79] | 2.89[1.61 - 5.17] |
| Negative recommend to others‡ | |||||
| Positive recommend to others | 2.27[1.57 - 3.29] | 1.65[1.06 - 2.59] | 0.53[0.19 - 1.46] | 1.42[0.73 - 2.77] | 3.00[1.89 - 4.78] |
OR: Odds ratio. 95% CI: 95% confidence interval
‡: Reference category
*: OR could not be calculated because none of the responders at age <30 years reported quit smoking.
†: OR for reporting quit smoking between smokers and non-smokers is irrelevant.
ORs for Framingham score, Body Mass Index, and Smoking status were adjusted for age, sex, and education level.