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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Mar 25.
Published in final edited form as: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Mar 1;406(4):643–648. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.02.123

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are invasive than matched non-stem tumor cells in vitro. (A) Representative images of GSC tumorspheres. GSCs derived from a primary GBM specimen (CCF2170) were cultured in neurobasal stem cell medium for seven days to form tumorspheres. (B) Immunofluorescent staining of SOX2 (a stem cell transcription factor) and L1CAM (a surface molecule of GSC) on frozen sections of GSC neurospheres. SOX2 was labeled in red, L1CAM in green, and nuclei were counterstained with DAPI in blue. (C) Immunofluorescent staining of GFAP (astrocyte marker), Galc (oligodentrocyte marker) or TUJ1 (neuronal marker) in the differentiated cells derived from GSCs. Isolated GSCs from a primary GBM (CCF2170) were induced for differentiation for 7 days and then immunostained with antibodies against GFAP, Galc or TUJ1 (green). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). (D) In vitro matrigel invasion assay of GSCs and matched non-stem tumor cells from two GBMs. The relative invasive capacity of GSCs and matched non-stem tumor cells (Non-stem TCs) derived from D456MG GBM xenograft and CCF2170 primary GBM were examined in the BD Matrigel gel. Cells migrated through the matrigel were stained and photographed. (E) Quantified data from (D) shows that GSCs had significantly more cells migrated through the matrigel than matched non-stem tumor cells in vitro. Data are means ± SD (n=3). *, p<0.001.