Table 3.
Summary of clinical studies with regard to surgical treatment of cervical kyphosis (radiological outcome as well as morbidity and mortality)
| Authors | Radiological outcome | Complication rate (%) | Revision rate (%) | Mortality (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preoperative kyphosis | Postoperative kyphosis | Kyphosis at follow-up | Degree of correction (°) | Bony union rate (%) | ||||
| Zdeblick et al. [65] | 45° | 13° | 17° | 28° | 100 | 35.7 (5/14) | 14.3 (2/14) | 14.3 (2/14) |
| Zdeblick et al. [66] | 45° | 15° | Not known | 30° | 87.5 (7/8) | 12.5 (1/8) | 12.5 (1/8) | 0 |
| Riew et al. [48] | 22° | 9° | 16° | 6° | 77.8 (14/18) | 94.4 (17/18) | 22.2 (4/18) | 5.6 (1/18) |
| Herman et al. [21] | 38° | Not known | 16° | 22° | 100 | 50 (10/20) | 10 (2/20) | 0 |
| Gülmen et al. [20] | 66.3° | 46.3° | Not known | 20° | 100 | 25 (1/4) | 0 | 25 (1/4) |
| Ferch et al. [16] | Local 12° Regional 10° |
Local −2° Regional −1° |
Not known | Local 14° Regional 11° |
100 | 25 (7/28) | 14.8 (4/27) | 7.1 (2/28) |
| Steinmetz et al. [56] | 13.2° | −6.2° | −8.4° | 21.6° | 100 | 30 (3/10) | 0 | 0 |
| Park et al. [44] | 20.9° | −14.0° | −9.6° | 30.5° | 95.7 (22/23) | 30.4 (7/23) | 13.0 (3/23) | 0 |
| Mummaneni et al. [37] | Ishihara index −17.7 | Ishihara index 11.4 | Not known | Ishihara index 29.1 | 96.3 (26/27) | 51.7 (15/29) | 14.8 (4/27) | 13.8 (4/29) |
| O’Shaughnessy et al. [41] | 38° | Not known | −10° | 48° | 100 | 88.9 (16/18) | 6.25 (1/16) | 11.1 (2/18) |
| Nottmeier et al. [39] | 18° | −4° | −4° | 22° | 97.6 (40/41) | 31.7 (13/41) | 14.6 (6/41) | 0 |
| Abumi et al. [1] | 29.4° | 2.3° | 2.8° | 26.6° | 100 | 13.3 (4/30) | 6.7 (2/30) | 0 |