Table 2. Seasonality and Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infections.

Type of Infection	Age	Locale	Seasonality	Author
CA*-associated S. aureus ‘boil infections’	All	Nigeria	Peak incidence: 33% of cases occurred during warmest recorded months (Jan–Mar)	[15]
CA-associated pyoderma	All	India	Peak incidence: Summer (40% of cases occurred Jun–Aug)	[16]
CA-associated pyoderma	All	Malawi	Peak incidence: Summer (Dec–Apr)	[17]
CA-associated pyoderma	Pediatric	India	Peak incidence: 68% of cases ‘reported during the hot and humid months of Jun–Sep'	[18]
Dermatitis cruris pustulosis exacerbation (87% culture-positive for S. aureus)	All	India	Peak incidence: Summer (87% of cases)	[19]
Impetigo	Pediatric	Nether-lands	Peak incidence in 1987 & 2001: Summer (‘incidence was significantly higher in summer’)	[20]
Impetigo	Pediatric	United Kingdom	Peak incidence: ‘Late Summer’ (∼37% of cases Jul–Sep; seasonal effect [p = 0·02]; correlation between impetigo andmean temperature the previous month [r = 0·55; p = 0·001])	[3]
Impetigo	Pediatric	United Kingdom	Peak incidence: Autumn (Oct peak in 4 of 5 years studied); ∼1–2 months after the month with the highest average temperature	[21]
Impetigo	Pediatric	Alabama	Peak Incidence: Summer (33% of cases occurred in Aug; monitored Jul–Jan rather than the calendar year)	[22]
Impetigo	Pediatric	Australia	Peak incidence: 79% of cases occurred in summer and autumn	[23]
Impetigo	Pediatric	Pakistan	Peak incidence: Summer (2–3 fold increased incidence/100 person-wks of impetigo in Jul compared with May, Sep, or Oct)	[24]
Impetigo bullosa due to fusidic acid-resistant S. aureus	Pediatric	Norway	Peak incidence: ‘Marked seasonal fluctuation with the highest prevalence in early autumn’ (52% of 2001 cases in Aug)	[25]

*CA  =  Community-associated.