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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: PM R. 2010 Dec;2(12 Suppl 2):S292–S305. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.10.013

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Diagram that illustrates the mechanism of low-level light therapy (LLLT) on the cellular and molecular level. Near infrared light, absorbed by the mitochondria, causes upregulation of the cellular respiratory chain. A host of downstream cellular responses involving nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate ensues, which ultimately dictates LLLT effects.