Table 4.

Bidirectional prospective associations between obesity and depressed mood

	White	Black	Hispanic	Interaction P valuea
6th grade obesityb as predictor of 8th grade depressed moodc
Unadjusted	2.48 (1.93, 3.19)d	1.03 (0.46, 2.31)	0.86 (0.38, 1.94)	<.0001ef
Adjusted for covariates	2.47 (1.85, 3.30)	1.16 (0.50, 2.72)	0.82 (0.35, 1.92)	<.0001f
Adjusted for covariates and 6th grade depressed moodg	2.09 (1.44, 3.02)	1.29 (0.57, 2.88)	0.76 (0.31, 1.85)	<.0001f
Stratified by 6th grade depressed mood
Among those with depressed mood at 6th grade	1.26 (0.37, 4.31)	2.11 (0.78, 5.72)	0.96 (0.29, 3.24)	.50
Among those without depressed mood at 6th grade	2.50 (1.57, 3.98)	0.98 (0.16, 5.97)	0.72 (0.26, 1.95)	.0002f
6th grade depressed mood as predictor of 8th grade obesity
Unadjusted	4.13 (1.77, 9.64)h	0.82 (0.40, 1.67)	1.66 (0.58, 4.73)	.022e
Adjusted for covariates	4.47 (1.96, 10.24)	0.83 (0.40, 1.71)	1.89 (0.66, 5.40)	.014e
Adjusted for covariates and 6th grade obesityi	3.68 (1.72, 7.87)	1.58 (0.65, 3.83)	1.64 (0.36, 7.49)	.22
Stratified by 6th grade obesity
Among those obese at 6th grade	6.27 (0.49, 80.04)	1.35 (0.23, 7.96)	2.13 (0.17, 26.30)	.59
Among those not obese at 6th grade	3.11 (0.85, 11.32)	1.56 (0.51, 4.72)	1.34 (0.12, 14.81)	.56

BMI = body mass index; CES-D = Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale

^aP value (Wald χ²) for interaction by race/ethnicity

^bObesity = BMI z-score ≥95^th percentile of the 2000 CDC BMI-for-age growth charts

^cDepressed mood = CES-D≥24

^dOdds ratios (95% confidence interval) for 8^th grade depressed mood from 6^th grade obesity calculated with generalized estimating equations; all models (except unadjusted) are adjusted for 6^th grade age, free lunch, and time home alone. Reference category is girls of specified racial/ethnic group who were not obese in 6^th grade.

^e= white different from black;

^f= white different from Hispanic.

^g3-way interaction between 6^th grade depressed mood, 6^th grade obesity, and race not statistically significant (p=0.28)

^hOdds ratios (95% confidence interval) for 8^th grade obesity from 6^th grade depressed mood calculated with generalized estimating equations; all models (except unadjusted) are adjusted for 6^th grade age, free lunch, and time home alone. Reference category is girls of specified racial/ethnic group who did not have depressed mood at 6^th grade.

ⁱ3-way interaction between 6^th grade obesity, 6^th grade depressed mood, and race not statistically significant (p=0.91)