TABLE 2.
Overall ex vivo drug susceptibility for each drug according to the species tested
| Antimalarial | Mean IC50 (nM) for P. falciparum lab linesa |
P. falciparum |
P. vivax |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CQs | CQr | n (%)b | Median IC50(nM) (range) | n (%) | Median IC50(nM) (range) | |
| Chloroquine | 12 | 240 | 20 (100) | 30.2 (6.4-97.1) | 20 (100) | 40.4 (8.8-81.4) |
| Amodiaquine | 2 | 8 | 20 (100) | 5.0 (1.0-28.6) | 19 (95) | 9.1 (2.8-16.0) |
| Piperaquine | 3 | 11 | 20 (100) | 10.8 (4.4-46.9) | 20 (100) | 13.2 (3.4-38.4) |
| Mefloquine | 11 | 8 | 19 (95) | 6.3 (1.7-21.3) | 18 (90) | 7.7 (1.5-23.2) |
| Artesunate | 2 | 1 | 20 (100) | 0.92 (0.31-4.1) | 20 (100) | 0.74 (0.09-1.42) |
| SAHA | 247 | 161 | 19 (95) | 301 (120-484) | 20 (100) | 170 (67-281) |
| 2-ASA-9 | 15 | 39 | 15 (75)c | 533 (199-964) | 19 (95) | 503 (203-766) |
| 2-ASA-14 | 13 | 33 | 18 (90)d | 266 (87-704) | 20 (100) | 278 (121-781) |
Mean IC50s (in vitro growth quantified by [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation) as previously published for chloroquine (8, 9), amodiaquine (1, 19), piperaquine (1, 30), mefloquine (1, 10), artesunate (1, 10) (the chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant lines were 3D7 and K1, respectively), SAHA (12), 2-ASA-9 (2), and 2-ASA-14 (2) (the chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant laboratory lines, respectively, were D6 and W2 for SAHA and 3D7 and Dd2 for 2-ASA-9 and 2-ASA-14). CQs, chloroquine-sensitive laboratory strain; CQr, chloroquine-resistant laboratory strain.
n, total number of assays with acceptable IC50; %, total number of assays with acceptable IC50/number of assays with adequate growth harvested.
No IC50 estimates of 2-ASA-9 for four P. falciparum isolates and one P. vivax isolate (MIC > 1,000 nM).
No IC50 estimate of 2-ASA-14 for one P. falciparum isolate (MIC > 1,000 nM).