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Heterologous solute production is reduced by betaine uptake. E. coli DH5α/pSB01 production of hydroxyectoine and ectoine (indicated on the x axis) in minimal medium at 3% salinity is shown. When cells are supplemented with 2 mM betaine, betaine is taken up and production of ectoines is reduced to approximately 1/10 of the original value.
