Secretion of IL-10 (U/ml) at 1 month (A) and 12 months (B) by PBMCs isolated from control noninfected calves and calves infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by the following methods: oral, intraperitoneal, oral with dexamethasone administration, and oral with mucosal scrapings from a cow with clinical disease. Note that the scales on the x axes in panels A and B are different. PBMCs were nonstimulated (NS) or stimulated with ConA or a whole-cell sonicate of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MPS). Data are expressed as means ± SEM. Significant differences between control and infection groups within given time points are represented by asterisks (**, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05).