TABLE 1.
Circulatory biomarkers of ECM categorized by function
| Gene transcript | Function/description | Fold change in expression |
|---|---|---|
| Erythropoiesis-related genes | ||
| ALAS2 | Aminolevulinic acid synthase 2, erythroid | −14.2 |
| FECH | Ferrochelatase | −17.2 |
| AHSP | Alpha hemoglobin stabilizing protein | −11.2 |
| HBB-B2 | Hemoglobin, beta adult major chain | −11.6 |
| HMBS | Hydroxymethylbilane synthase | −8.4 |
| SNCA | Synuclein, alpha | −8.2 |
| HBB-B1 | Hemoglobin, beta adult major chain | −7.7 |
| SPNA1 | Spectrin alpha 1 | −6.8 |
| ANK1 | Ankyrin 1, erythroid | −4.1 |
| EPB4.1 | Erythrocyte protein band 4.1 | −6.4 |
| EPB4.2 | Erythrocyte protein band 4.2 | −7.6 |
| ADD2 | Adducin 2 | −5.4 |
| KEL | Kell blood group protein | −5.1 |
| RHD | Rh blood group, D antigen | −7.0 |
| HEMGN | Hemogen | −4.3 |
| Glutathione metabolism-related genes | ||
| HAGH | Hydroxyacyl glutathione hydrolase | −13.8 |
| GCLM | Glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit | −7.2 |
| GLRX5 | Glutaredoxin 5 homolog (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) | −5.2 |
| TXNRD2 | Thioredoxin reductase 2 | −4.4 |
| GPX4 | Glutathione peroxidase 4 | −4.0 |
| Platelet and clotting-related genes | ||
| F5 | Coagulation factor V | −5.7 |
| F13A1 | Coagulation factor XIII A1 subunit | −5.3 |
| VWF | von Willebrand factor | −4.9 |
| PDGFA | Platelet-derived growth factor alpha | −4.6 |
| ANGPT1 | Angiopoietin 1 | −4.2 |
| Cell surface glycosylation-related genes | ||
| GYPA | Sialoglycoprotein glycophorin A | −22.6 |
| CMAS | Cytidine monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase | −6.7 |
| ST3GAL5 | ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 5 | −4.4 |
| ST3GAL2 | ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 2 | −4.2 |
| HEXA | Hexosaminidase A | −4.2 |
| HS3ST3B1 | Heparan sulfate (glucosamine) 3-O-sulfotransferase 3B1 | 4.7 |
| Immune response-related genes | ||
| NPY | Neuropeptide Y | −292.8 |
| H2-EA | Histocompatibility 2, class II antigen E alpha | −53.1 |
| H2-AB1 | Histocompatibility 2, class II antigen A, beta 1 | −11.4 |
| ISG20 | Interferon-stimulated protein | −6.8 |
| DEFA1 | Defensin, alpha 1 | −5.1 |
| IIGP1 | Interferon-inducible GTPase 1 | −4.2 |
| OAS1E | 2′-5′ Oligoadenylate synthetase 1E | −5.7 |
| OAS3 | 2′-5′ Oligoadenylate synthetase 3 | −4.1 |
| CXCL2 | Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 | 32.3 |
| CX3CR1 | Chemokine (C-X3-C) receptor 1 | 7.5 |
| MAL | Myelin and lymphocyte protein, T-cell differentiation protein | 10.1 |
| NCCRP1 | Nonspecific cytotoxic cell receptor protein 1 | 6.1 |
| CTLA4 | Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 | 6.3 |
| KLRA8 | Killer cell lectin-like receptor, subfamily A, member 8 | 6.8 |
| KLRA15 | Killer cell lectin-like receptor, subfamily A, member 15 | 5.8 |
| Transcription and chromatin structure-related genes | ||
| TFDP2 | Transcription factor Dp 2 | −6.6 |
| STAT1 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 | −6.4 |
| E2F2 | E2F transcription factor 2 | −5.3 |
| SPIB | ETS domain transcription factor SpiB | −4.9 |
| RBPJL | Recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region-like | 17.6 |
| UBN2 | Ubinuclein 2 | 15.9 |
| HOPX | HOP homeobox | 4.8 |
| Ubiquitin system-related genes | ||
| TRIM10 | Tripartite motif-containing 10 | −84.4 |
| UBE2L6 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2L 6 | −10.0 |
| RNF10 | Ring finger protein 10 | −8.7 |
| FBXO25 | F-box protein 25 | −8.5 |
| USP32 | Ubiquitin specific peptidase 32 | −8.2 |
| MARCH2 | Membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 2; E3 ligase | −7.1 |
| MARCH8 | Membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 8; E3 ligase | −6.2 |
| FBXO9 | F-box protein 9 | −5.6 |
| UBE2R2 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2R 2 | −4.6 |
| RAD23A | RAD23a homolog (S. cerevisiae) | −4.1 |
| UBAC1 | Ubiquitin-associated domain containing 1 | −4.1 |
| ATG4A | Autophagy-related 4A (yeast) | −7.4 |
| Apoptosis-related genes | ||
| BCL2A1A | B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2-related protein A1a | 4.0 |
| Cytoskeletal keratin genes | ||
| KRT12 | Keratin 12 | 6.2 |
| KRT23 | Keratin 23 | 20.0 |
| KRT7 | Keratin 7 | 18.5 |
| KRT6B | Keratin 6B | 17.2 |
| KRT13 | Keratin 13 | 15.7 |
| KRT19 | Keratin 19 | 8.4 |
| Metabolism-related genes | ||
| ISCA1 | Iron-sulfur cluster assembly 1 homolog | −5.9 |
| BPGM | 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate mutase | −15.4 |
| ODC1 | Ornithine decarboxylase | −5.7 |