Table 2.
Sequential Regression Analyses Assessing Multivariate Association Between Quality-of-Life Measures (SF-36 and SWLS) and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms and Suicidalitya
Dependent variable: SF-36 physical component score | ||||||||
Variables | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Final | |
Diagnosis (CHF vs hypertension)b | .38 | .38 | .47 | .26* | .22* | .21* | .15* | |
Sex (men vs women)b | −.05* | −.06* | −.05* | −.04* | −.04* | |||
Lifetime hospitalization | .10* | .13* | .12* | .12* | ||||
Depressionc | −.28 | −.19* | −.19* | –.27 | ||||
HARS score | −.14* | −.14* | ||||||
Suicidality factord | .02* | |||||||
R2 change | 0.14 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.16 | |
Significant F changee | < .001 | .40 | .37 | .01 | .18 | .90 | < .001 | |
Dependent variable: SF-36 mental component score | ||||||||
Variables | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Final | |
Diagnosis (CHF vs hypertension)b | −.53 | −.54 | −.58 | −.54 | −.59 | −.59 | −.59 | |
Sex (men vs women)b | .11 | .11 | .11 | .13 | .13 | .13 | ||
Lifetime hospitalization | −.05* | −.05* | −.05 | −.05* | −.05* | |||
Depressionc | .05* | .15 | .15* | .15* | ||||
HARS score | −.16 | −.16* | −.16* | |||||
Suicidality factord | .01* | |||||||
R2 change | 0.28 | 0.01 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.30 | |
Significant F changee | < .001 | .05 | .67 | .60 | .09 | .93 | < .001 | |
Dependent variable: SWLS score | ||||||||
Variables | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Final | |
Diagnosis (CHF vs hypertension)b | .61 | .60 | .82 | .73 | .67 | .64 | .65 | |
Sex (men vs women)b | .09* | .08* | .0* | .10 | .10* | .10 | ||
Lifetime hospitalization | .26 | .27 | .26 | .26 | .26 | |||
Depressionc | −.11* | .04* | .05* | |||||
HARS score | −.25 | −.25 | –.23 | |||||
Suicidality factord | .04* | |||||||
R2 change | 0.38 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.43 | |
Significant F changee | < .001 | .09 | .008 | .21 | .005 | .69 | < .001 |
All values are β indices with the exception of R2 and F values. Indices are significant at P < .05 when not otherwise specified.
Positive β values mean that the latter category (hypertension or women) is associated with higher scores on the SF-36 or SWLS; negative scores mean that the first category (CHF or men) is associated with higher scores on the SF-36 or SWLS.
Depressive factor = (0.833 HDRS16) + (0.833 MADRS9).
Suicidality factor = (0.907 HDRS item 3) + (0.907 MADRS item for suicidal ideation).
P values associated with each step of the regression analysis.
Not significant.
Abbreviations: CHF = congestive heart failure, HARS = Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, HDRS = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, MADRS = Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, SF-36 = Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, SWLS = Satisfaction With Life Scale.