Table 1.

Clinical Evidence That Ovarian Cancers Are Immunogenic

Finding	Reference
Spontaneous anti-tumor response
Association between intraepithelial T-cell infiltration and patient survival	3–9
Tumor-associated antigen expression	Reviewed in 10
Antigen specific antibodies	11
Tumor-reactive T cells in blood, ascites, and tumor	11–21
Tumor immune evasion
Inverse association between survival and intratumoral regulatory T cell	6–8
Inverse association between survival and B7-H4+ macrophages	22
PD-L1 expression by tumor predicts low T-cell infiltration	5
ETBR expression restricts T-cell infiltration and predicts poor survival	23, 24
Clinical responses to immunotherapy
Interleukin-2 (T-cell growth factor)	25, 26
Anti-CTLA-4 antibody	27, 28
Vaccine responses	29–32
Adoptive TIL transfer	33–35

Abbreviations: PD-L1, programmed death ligand 1; ETBR, endothelin B receptor; TIL, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.