Table 4.
Cox Proportional Hazards Models Relating the Risk Factors Profiles With Risk of LOAD
| Characteristic | Probable and Possible LOAD (n=92) |
Probable LOAD (n=80) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | P Value | HR (95% CI) | Risk Score | β | P Value | HR (95% CI) | Risk Score | |
| Sex | ||||||||
| M | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | ||
| F | 0.14 | .66 | 1.15 (0.61–2.21) | 1 | 0.13 | .7 | 1.14 (0.51–2.54) | 1 |
| Age, y | ||||||||
| 65–70 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | ||
| >70–75 | 0.809 | .14 | 2.246 (0.76–6.62) | 6 | 0.776 | .22 | 2.174 (0.623–7.587) | 6 |
| >75–80 | 1.12 | .04 | 3.065 (1.03–9.09) | 8 | 1.559 | .01 | 4.754 (1.447–15.614) | 12 |
| >80–85 | 1.862 | .001 | 6.433 (2.07–20.03) | 13 | 1.861 | .006 | 6.433 (1.710–24.204) | 14 |
| >85 | 2.892 | <.001 | 18.023 (5.93–54.77) | 21 | 3.295 | <.001 | 26.991 (7.797–93.434) | 25 |
| Diabetes | ||||||||
| No | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | ||
| Yes | 0.461 | .16 | 1.586 (0.83 to 3.01) | 3 | 0.216 | .58 | 1.241 (0.577–2.671) | 2 |
| Hypertension | ||||||||
| No | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | ||
| Yes | 0.147 | .63 | 1.158 (0.64–2.11) | 1 | 0.027 | .93 | 1.027 (0.540–1.953) | 0 |
| Current smoking | ||||||||
| No | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | ||
| Yes | 0.684 | .10 | 1.981 (0.88–4.49) | 5 | 0.925 | .04 | 2.521 (1.027–6.191) | 7 |
| Low HDL-C | ||||||||
| No | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | ||
| Yes | 0.47 | .21 | 1.6 (0.77–3.32) | 3 | 0.466 | .26 | 1.58 (0.711–3.541) | 4 |
| High WHR | ||||||||
| No | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | ||
| Yes | 0.967 | .003 | 2.629 (1.39–4.97) | 7 | 1.139 | .002 | 3.124 (1.542–6.327) | 9 |
| Education, y | ||||||||
| >9 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | ||
| 7–9 | 1.103 | .009 | 3.014 (1.32–6.87) | 8 | 1.074 | .02 | 2.928 (1.187–7.226) | 8 |
| 0–6 | 1.506 | 0 | 4.507 (2.09–9.74) | 11 | 1.325 | .002 | 3.761 (1.612–8.773) | 10 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||
| White | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | ||
| Black | 0.664 | .12 | 1.942 (0.84–4.52) | 5 | 0.598 | .23 | 1.819 (0.686–4.822) | 5 |
| Hispanic | 0.522 | .27 | 1.685 (0.67–4.22) | 4 | 0.897 | .08 | 2.451 (0.895–6.715) | 7 |
| APOE ε4 allele | ||||||||
| None | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | 0 | 1 [Reference] | 0 | ||
| ≥1 | 0.604 | .04 | 1.829 (1.02–3.29) | 4 | 0.616 | .07 | 1.851 (0.961–3.566) | 5 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HR, hazard ratio; LOAD, late-onset Alzheimer disease; WHR, waist to hip ratio.