Fig. 4.

Runs of homozygosity among Khoisan-speakers. (A) Long runs of homozygosity were calculated for individuals in the Hadza, Sandawe, and ≠Khomani Bushmen populations. Runs were constrained to a minimum of 1 Mb, and two missing genotypes were allowed per run. cROH are plotted for all individuals; the y-axis represents counts of individuals. The Hadza distribution differs markedly from the other two populations, with 65% (n = 11/17) of individuals having cROH >100 Mb. This distribution is consistent with a severe, recent bottleneck in the Hadza. (B) Simulated posterior distribution of effective population size in the Hadza, generated by sampling from a uniform distribution of N_e and keeping simulated parameters within 20% of the observed fROH with REJECTOR (29). (C) Simulated posterior distribution of bottleneck severity in the Hadza, as modeled above.