Table 1.
Frequency of Reported Diarrhea Among 618 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-exposed Uninfected Infants by Random Group Assignment (Panel A) and by Actual Breastfeeding (BF) Practice (Panel B)
| A. As Randomized |
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| Any Diarrhea No. (%) |
Diarrhea-Related Clinic Visit No. (%) |
Prolonged Diarrheaa No. (%) |
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| Visit (month) | Short BF Group | Long BF Group | Short BF Group | Long BF Group | Short BF Group | Long BF Group |
| 0 | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| 1 | 3 (1.0) | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.7) | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0) |
| 2 | 5 (1.7) | 5 (1.8) | 2 (0.7) | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| 3 | 18 (6.1) | 13 (4.6) | 2 (0.7) | 5 (1.8) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.4) |
| 4 | 28 (9.9) | 24 (8.6) | 17 (6.0) | 12 (4.3) | 3 (1.1) | 5 (1.8) |
| 4.5 | 38 (15.2)* | 13 (5.2)* | 15 (6.0) | 9 (3.6) | 4 (1.6) | 3 (1.2) |
| 5 | 48 (18.0)* | 30 (10.8)* | 30 (11.2)* | 16 (5.7)* | 12 (4.5) | 5 (1.8) |
| 6 | 69 (24.0)* | 44 (15.4)* | 53 (18.4)* | 25 (8.7)* | 17 (5.9) | 7 (2.4) |
| 9 | 108 (40.4) | 103 (40.4) | 61 (22.8) | 58 (22.7) | 35 (13.1) | 28 (11.0) |
| 12 | 115 (44.1) | 93 (38.0) | 65 (24.9) | 58 (23.6) | 31 (11.9) | 31 (12.7) |
| 15 | 82 (34.3)* | 98 (45.6)* | 56 (23.4) | 52 (24.2) | 24 (10.0) | 34 (15.8) |
| 18 | 70 (29.5) | 78 (34.8) | 44 (18.6) | 43 (19.1) | 17 (7.2) | 23 (10.3) |
| 21 | 56 (25.0) | 58 (26.6) | 31 (13.8) | 34 (15.5) | 12 (5.4) | 21 (9.6) |
| 24 | 49 (21.4) | 56 (25.1) | 30 (13.1) | 35 (15.7) | 7 (3.1) | 12 (5.4) |
| B. As Practiced |
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| Any Diarrhea No. (%) |
Diarrhea-Related Clinic Visit No. (%) |
Prolonged Diarrheaa No. (%) |
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| Visit (month) | Stopped BF | Still BF | Stopped BF | Still BF | Stopped BF | Still BF |
| 0 | - | 1 (0.2) | - | 0 (0) | - | 0 (.0) |
| 1 | - | 4 (.7) | - | 3 (.5) | - | 2 (.3) |
| 2 | - | 10 (1.8) | - | 4 (.7) | - | 0 (0) |
| 3 | - | 31 (5.4) | - | 7 (1.2) | - | 2 (0.3) |
| 4 | - | 52 (9.2) | - | 29 (5.2) | - | 8 (1.4) |
| 4.5 | 34 (21.5)* | 17 (5.0)* | 14 (8.9)* | 10 (2.9)* | 4 (2.5) | 3 (0.9) |
| 5 | 40 (22.1)* | 38 (10.4)* | 28 (15.5)* | 18 (4.9)* | 11 (6.1)* | 6 (1.6)* |
| 6 | 61 (30.0)* | 52 (14.1)* | 48 (23.5)* | 30 (8.1)* | 15 (7.4)* | 9 (2.4)* |
| 9 | 93 (43.3) | 118 (38.4) | 58 (27.0) | 61 (19.9) | 36 (16.7)* | 27 (8.8)* |
| 12 | 99 (43.8) | 109 (38.9) | 66 (29.1)* | 57 (20.4)* | 36 (15.9) | 26 (9.3) |
| 15 | 91 (38.1) | 89 (41.4) | 62 (25.9) | 46 (21.4) | 33 (13.8) | 25 (11.6) |
| 18 | 103 (33.9) | 45 (28.7) | 63 (20.7) | 24 (15.2) | 32 (10.5) | 8 (5.1) |
| 21 | 103 (27.5) | 11 (16.4) | 55 (14.6) | 10 (14.9) | 32 (8.5)* | 1 (1.5)* |
| 24 | 98 (22.6) | 7 (38.9) | 62 (14.3) | 3 (16.7) | 17 (3.9) | 2 (11.1) |
NOTE. Three measures of diarrhea morbidity are shown in order of severity: any diarrhea, diarrhea-related clinic visit, and prolonged diarrhea as reported at each of the visits between 0 and 24 months. Asterisks indicate a statistically significant difference between groups (P < .05 using Fisher exact test).
a
Prolonged diarrhea is defined as a diarrheal episode lasting at least 7 days.