Up-regulation of inflammatory mediators in the livers of humans with cholestatic liver disease. A: Real-time PCR was used to measure mRNA levels of Egr-1, ICAM-1, IL-8, and PAI-1 in normal human livers and in cholestatic livers from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Values significantly different (*P < 0.05) from normal liver. The mRNA levels of IL-8 (B), ICAM-1 (C), and PAI-1 (D) were plotted against mRNA levels of Egr-1. Spearman correlation indicated a significant correlation (specified in each panel) between Egr-1 mRNA levels and mRNA levels of ICAM-1, IL-8, and PAI-1 in normal human livers and liver from patients with cholestatic liver disease at P < 0.05.