Table 3.
Complete cohort |
Subcohort without PICU exposure |
|||
IRR (95% CI) | P | IRR (95% CI) | P | |
Age ≤1 year >1 to 7 years >7 to 13 years >13 years |
1 0.63 (.38–1.04) 0.38 (.22–.66) 0.58 (.36, .95) |
.07 <.01 .03 |
1 0.75 (.31–1.78) 0.23 (.08–.71) 0.69 (.31–1.53) |
.51 .01 .36 |
Sex Male Female |
1 0.96 (.67–1.38) |
.83 |
1 0.65 (.34–1.27) |
.21 |
PICC dwell timea <21 days ≥21 days |
1 1.61 (1.10–2.36) |
.01 | 1 1.50 (.75–2.98) |
.25 |
Clinical indication for PICC insertion Intravenous access Antibiotics Total parenteral nutrition Chemotherapy |
1 0.33 (.21–.53) 1.68 (.99–2.80) 1.17 (.69– 1.99) |
<.001 .05 .55 |
1 0.26 (.11–.59) 1.66 (.68–4.10) 0.58 (.18–1.90) |
<.01 .27 .37 |
Complex Chronic Conditionsb None Neuromuscular Cardiovascular Respiratory Renal Gastrointestinal Hematologic, immunodeficiencies Metabolic Congenital and genetic Malignancy |
1 1.17 (.72–1.89) 1.41 (.98–2.03) 0.28 (.14–.58) 1.68 (.90–3.13) 0.95 (.46–1.94) 1.33 (.59–3.02) 3.11 (1.75–5.54) 2.07 (1.16–3.69) 1.54 (.92–2.58) |
.52 .06 <.01 .10 .88 .49 <.001 .01 .10 |
1.79 (.75–4.28) 1.86 (.97–3.54) 0.13 (.03–.54) 1.76 (.54–5.72) 1.41 (.50–3.97) 1.36 (.33–5.66) 6.20 (2.41–15.91) 1.44 (.35–5.97) 3.11 (1.47–6.70) |
.19 .06 <.01 .35 .52 .67 <.001 .62 <.01 |
Site of PICC Insertion Upper extremity Lower extremity Head |
1 2.36 (1.36–4.08) 0.73 (.42–1.27) |
<.01 .27 |
1 3.08 (1.09–8.76) 0.51 (.16–1.68) |
.03 .27 |
Previous or concurrent PICC None Removed <10 days before insertion of new PICC Removed ≥10 days before insertion of new PICC Simultaneous PICCc |
1 1.87 (1.11–3.17) 1.03 (.64–1.66) 0.46 (.06–3.30) |
.02 .90 .44 |
1 1.91 (.67–5.50) 0.76 (.33–1.74) |
.22 .51 |
Previous PICC complicated by CLABSI No Yes |
1 4.27 (2.23–8.17) |
<.001 |
1 9.14 (2.81–29.75) |
<.001 |
PICU exposure No Yes |
1 2.77 (1.87–4.09) |
<.001 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IRR, incidence rate ratio; PICU, pediatric intensive care unit.
PICC Dwell time is defined as days from PICC insertion to date of CLABSI, date of line removal, or date of death.
Each patient with an underlying complex condition is compared with those without that specific condition.
There were 13 simultaneous lines in the subcohort without PICU exposure, and there were no events in this group.