Table 4.

Multivariable Analysis for Risk Factors for Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSIs) in Hospitalized Children with Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheters (PICCs)

Variable	Multivariable analysis of entire cohort
	IRR (95% CI)	P
Age     ≤1 year     >1 to 7 years     >7 to 13 years     >13 years	1 0.64 (.38–1.07) 0.44 (.25–.80) 0.58 (.36–1.02)	.09 <.01 .06
PICC dwell timea     <21 days     ≥21 days	1 1.53 (1.05–2.26)	.03
Clinical indication for PICC insertion     Intravenous access     Antibiotics     Total parenteral nutrition     Chemotherapy	1 0.56 (.34–.93) 2.24 (1.31–3.84) 1.33 (.78–2.28)	.03 <.01 .30
Complex chronic conditionsb     None     Respiratory     Metabolic	1 0.49 (.23–1.02) 2.07 (1.14–3.74)	.06 .02
Site of PICC insertion     Upper extremity     Lower extremity     Head	1 1.39 (.77–2.51) 0.57 (.33–1.00)	.28 .05
Previous or concurrent PICC     None     Removed <10 days before insertion of new PICC     Removed ≥10 days before insertion of new PICC     Simultaneous PICCc	1 1.06 (.58–1.94) 1.31 (.79–2.16) 0.26 (.04–1.89)	.84 .29 .18
Previous PICC complicated by CLABSI     No     Yes	1 2.48 (1.18–5.25)	.02
PICU exposure     No     Yes	1 1.80 (1.18–2.75)	.01

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IRR, incidence rate ratio; PICU, pediatric intensive care unit.

^aPICC Dwell time is defined as days from PICC insertion to date of CLABSI, date of line removal, or date of death.

^bEach patient with an underlying complex condition is compared with those without that specific condition.

^cThere were 13 simultaneous lines in the subcohort without PICU exposure, and there were no events in this group.