Table 2.
Comparison of Changes in Viral Load, Serum Lipid Levels, and Cellular Markers of Activation during the Statin and Placebo Phases of the Study
| Parameter, serum level | Change during statin phase,median (IQR) | Change during placebo phase,median (IQR) | Treatment effect (change),amedian (IQR) | Pb |
| HIV-1 RNA, log10 copies/mL | –0.03 (–0.35 to 0.04) | –0.08 (–0.25 to 0.09) | –0.13 (–0.27 to 0.21) | .85 |
| CD4+ cell count | 26 (2–71.5) | 43 (–58.0 to 92.5) | 37.5 (–49.25 to 121.8) | .31 |
| CD8+ cell count | –18 (–179.5 to 124.30) | 22 (–80 to 126) | –51.5 (–200.3 to 167.8) | .57 |
| CD4+ HLA-DR+, cells/μL, % | –2.0 (–4.0 to –0.25) | 0.0 (–1.75 to 1.0) | –2.5 (–3.75 to 0) | .02 |
| CD4+ HLA-DR+ CD38+, cells/μL, % | –1.0 (–2.75 to 0.0) | 0.0 (–1.0 to 1.0) | –0.5 (–3 to 0.75) | .15 |
| CD4+ CD38+, cells/μL, % | 1.0 (–3.5 to 3.75) | –0.5 (–4.0 to 2.75) | 2.5 (0–6) | .20 |
| CD8+ HLA-DR+, cells/μL, % | –2.5 (–7.5 to 0.0) | 0.0 (–2.0 to 3.0) | –5 (–8.75 to 0) | .006 |
| CD8+ HLA-DR+ CD38+, cells/μL, % | –1.0 (–5.5 to 0.75) | 1.0 (–2.75 to 1.75) | –3 (-–6 to 0.5) | .03 |
| CD8+ CD38+, cells/μL, % | 1.0 (–5.75 to 3.0) | 0.0 (–3.0 to 2.0) | –0.5 (–4 to 5) | .97 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | –60 (–69 to –50) | 5.5 (–3.75 to 12.0) | –65 (–82 to –19) | <.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | –52 (–59 to –32) | 7 (–6.25 to 12.75) | –54 (–69 to –10) | <.001 |
NOTE. a To calculate treatment effect, we formed the difference in changes, for all parameters, for each person using the formula (XFS – XIS) – (XFP – XIP), where X is the measure of the outcome (eg, CD4+ cell count) at either the initial visit (I) (week 0) or the final visit (F) (week 8), while the participant was receiving either atorvastatin (S) or placebo (P). The paired Wilcoxon test was used to test the hypothesis that the median differences of the changes were zero.
b
A P value of <.01 was considered to indicate a significant difference.