. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Future Oncol. 2010 Oct;6(10):1603–1624. doi: 10.2217/fon.10.116

Table 1.

Sphingolipid binding proteins.

Sphingolipid	Protein	Biological function
Ceramide	KSR	Transactivation of c-Raf
Ceramide	c-Raf	Activation of the MAPK cascade
Ceramide	Cathepsin D	Autocatalytic proteolysis of cathepsin D, leading to apoptosis
Ceramide	PKC-ζ	Interaction with stress-activated protein kinases, leading to growth suppression
Ceramide	I2PP2A	Increase in PP2A activity, leading to the regulation of c-Myc stability
Ceramide	CERT	Transports ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum to the trans-Golgi, and it is involved in drug resistance
Ceramide-1-phosphate	cPLA₂	Arachidonic acid release
Sphingosine-1-phosphate	HDAC1 and HDAC2	Regulation of p21 expression
Sphingosine-1-phosphate	TRAF2	Stimulates TRAF2 E3 ligase activity, increasing polyubiquitination of RIP1 and regulating NF-κB
Sphingosine	ANP32A	Regulation of PP2A activity and COX-2 expression in human endothelial cells

I2PP2A: Protein phosphatase 2A inhibitor 2; PP2A: Protein phosphatase 2A.