Table 2.
The mean (range) (ng.m-3) concentration at the workplaces and the corresponding nearest ambient air measurements of PAHs, and the derived total [B(a)P]eq and cancer risk estimates.
| PAHs | Sewage workplace (n = 26) | Office workplace (n = 26) | Traffic (n = 23) | Urban (n = 23) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benzo(a)pyrene | 6 (0.5-62.1) | 0.4 (0.2-2.4) | 0.7 (0.1-1.6) | 0.5 (0.2-5.8) |
| Anthracene | 6.7 (0.5-32.1) | 0.9 (0.1-1.8) | 3.2 (0.3-14.5) | 0.2 (0.02-0.8) |
| Benz(a)anthracene | 4.6 (0.3-31.8) | 0.5 (0.2-2.4) | 0.5(0.2-1.2) | 0.2 (0.02-0.6) |
| Benzo(b)fluoranthene | 4.3 (0.5-30.1) | 0.4 (0.1-2.4) | 0.6 (0.2-1.6) | 0.3 (0.05-1.1) |
| Benzo(g,h,i)perylene | 4.4 (0.4-24) | 0.5 (0.1-3.8) | 0.8 (0.2-1.7) | 0.3 (0.06-1) |
| Benzo(k)fluornathene | 2.0 (0.2-15.2) | 0.2 (0.08-1.2) | 0.2 (0.07-0.6) | 0.2 (0.01-2.5) |
| Chrysene | 7.7 (1-30) | 2.2 (1.1-6.8) | 0.7 (0.3-0.2) | 0.3 (0.1-0.8) |
| Dibenz(a,h)anthracene | 0.9 (0.01-5.4) | 0.1 (0.01-0.5) | 0.02 (0.01-0.06) | 0.02 (0.01-0.06) |
| Fluoranthene | 23.7 (2.4-104.6) | 4.3 (2.5-8.1) | 3.8 (2-5) | 1.6 (0.8-4.3) |
| Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene | 3 (0.3-15.9) | 0.3 (0.08-2.4) | 0.4 (0.07-1) | 0.2 (0.02-0.7) |
| Phenanthrene | 71.2 (12.5-220) | 22.3 (9-43.9) | 11.9 (5.2-18.1) | 5.2 (2.3-14.2) |
| Pyrene | 19.3 (2.3-78.4) | 5.5 (1.2-21.7) | 4.8 (2.8-6.3) | 1.3 (0.6-3.4) |
| Benzo(j)fluoranthene | 3.9 (0.3-21.6) | 0.4 (0.1-3.3) | 0.4 (0.03-1.2) | 0.2 (0.03-0.8) |
| Total [B(a)P]eq (ng m-3) | 13.66 | 1.15 | 1.08 | 0.73 |
| B(a)P equivalent lifetime cancer risk | 15.02 × 10-6 | 1.26 × 10-6 | 1.19 × 10-6 | 0.80 × 10-6 |
a. B(a)P TEFs according to Nisbet and LaGoy (1992), for benzo(j)fluoranthene Collins et al. (1998) value was applied.
b. The U.S. EPA inhalation unit cancer risk of B(a)P = 1.1 × 10-6 (ng/m3)-1 was used (U.S. EPA 2009).
Total [B(a)p]eq, total benzo(a)pyrene equivalent concentration.