Table 3.
Stratified meta-analysis of the assocation of BMI and prostate cancer-specific mortality and biochemical recurrence
| Study Type | No. of Studies | RR per 5kg/m2 increase in BMI | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|
| BMI and prostate cancer-specific mortality | |||
| Population-based cohort study | |||
| Country (BMI measurement) | |||
| USA (Self-reported BMI) | 4 | 1.15 | (1.05–1.25) |
| Europe (Measured BMI) | 2 | 1.07 | (0.68–1.67) |
| Post-diagnosis survival study | |||
| Country | |||
| USA | 5 | 1.21 | (0.97–1.51) |
| Europe | 1 | 1.14 | (0.77–1.69) |
| BMI measurement | |||
| Self-reported | 2 | 1.46 | (1.19–1.78) |
| Measured | 4 | 1.10 | (0.89–1.35) |
| BMI and biochemical recurrence after treatment | |||
| Primary treatment: RP | |||
| Country | |||
| USA | 9 | 1.27 | (1.13–1.43) |
| Europe | 1 | 0.92 | (0.75–1.12) |
| Asia | 1 | 3.53 | (1.29–9.68) |
| BMI measurement | |||
| Self-reported at/around diagnosis | 2 | 1.53 | (1.23–1.90) |
| Measured preoperative BMI | 7 | 1.21 | (1.02–1.44) |
| Definition of biochemical recurrence | |||
| PSA ≥ 0.2ng/mL | 4 | 1.32 | (1.13–1.52) |
| Single PSA >0.2ng/mL, two of 0.2ng/mL, or secondary treatment for a high PSA level after RP | 2 | 1.22 | (1.04–1.42) |
| Others | 5 | 1.24 | (0.98–1.58) |
| Primary treatment: RT | |||
| Treatmentment | |||
| EBRT | 2 | 1.16 | (1.08–1.26) |
| Brachytherapy | 2 | 0.99 | (0.78–1.25) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body-mass index; RR, relative risk; CI: confidence interval; RP, prostatectomy, RT, radiation therapy; EBRT, external beam radiation therapy