TABLE 3.
Univariate comparisons of patient and operation-related risk factors for survivors and decedents undergoing primary, isolated coronary artery bypass grafting operations
| Variable | CABG (n = 1589) |
OPCAB (n = 404) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survivors (n = 1508) | Decedents (n = 81) | P value | Survivors (n = 221) | Decedents (n = 13) | P value | |
| Preoperative | ||||||
| Age at operation (y) | 82.5 ± 0.07 | 82.6 ± 0.14 | .09 | 83.0 ± 0.13 | 83.1 ± 0.34 | .27 |
| Female gender | 37.5% | 59.3% | <.001 | 41.8% | 45.8% | .83 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 18.5% | 25.9% | .11 | 18.7% | 33.3% | .11 |
| Stroke | 8.5% | 4.9% | .41 | 11.6% | 12.5% | .75 |
| Diabetes | 30.1% | 37.0% | .22 | 27.1% | 29.2% | .82 |
| Dyslipidemia | 73.3% | 75.3% | .79 | 60.3% | 70.8% | .39 |
| Hypertension | 83.6% | 90.1% | .16 | 80.8% | 87.5% | .59 |
| NYHA class | ||||||
| Class I | 13.2% | 12.3% | .39 | 6.3% | 4.2% | .04 |
| Class II | 22.5% | 18.5% | 23.2% | 4.2% | ||
| Class III | 43.8% | 37.0% | 42.6% | 33.3% | ||
| Class IV | 20.5% | 32.1% | 27.9% | 58.3% | ||
| Heart failure | 16.2% | 29.6% | .003 | 18.7% | 21.7% | .78 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 9.2% | 24.7% | <.001 | 14.5% | 16.7% | .77 |
| Endocarditis | 0.0% | 0.0% | N/A | 0.0% | 0.0% | N/A |
| Renal failure | 5.4% | 12.3% | .02 | 7.4% | 8.3% | .70 |
| Hemodialysis | 1.0% | 1.2% | .57 | 1.1% | 8.3% | .04 |
| Ejection fraction (%) | 51.1 ± 12.7 | 45.8 ± 15.4 | <.001 | 51.4 ± 12.4 | 48.4 ± 11.1 | .27 |
| STS PROM (%) | 5.16 ± 4.89 | 15.82 ± 20.8 | <.001 | 5.80 ± 6.21 | 14.0 ± 11.7 | <.001 |
| Operative | ||||||
| Elective | 39.3% | 21.0% | <.001 | 41.6% | 20.8% | .001 |
| Urgent | 57.2% | 58.0% | 54.5% | 58.3% | ||
| Emergency | 3.4% | 21.0% | 3.9% | 20.8% | ||
| Crossclamp time (min) | 63.8 ± 23.6 | 64.7 ± 27.7 | .74 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Bypass time (min) | 91.5 ± 33.4 | 104.9 ± 41.8 | <.001 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| PRBC transfusion (units) | 1.97 ± 0.03 | 2.46 ± 0.17 | .16 | 1.93 ± 0.02 | 1.94 ± 1.0 | .16 |
Boldface indicates statistically significant P values. CABG, Conventional coronary artery bypass grafting; OPCAB, off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting; NYHA, New York Heart Association; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons; PROM, predicted risk of mortality; PRBC, packed red blood cell; N/A, not available.