Table 1.

Raw Distributions of Key Analytic Variables

Variables	Values
Years since award of doctorate, mean (SD)	21.2 (12.1)
Female, %	35.2
Racial or ethnic minority, %	14.4
Tenure status, %
Tenured	62.5
Tenure track	20.3
Not tenure track	17.2
Field of study, %
Biology	23.7
Chemistry	18.1
Allied health sciences	22.3
Medicine	15.7
Social Sciences	20.3
Predictors of primary interest, %
Expectation by administration that researcher will obtain at least ≥20% external funding	53.7
Involvement in for-profit company	34.0
Principal Investigator or Co-Investigator on federal grant	62.9
External funding not expected, %
Industry not involved	30.2
Industry involved	13.0
External funding expected, %
Industry not involved	35.3
Industry involved	21.6
External funding not expected, %
No federal funding	24.9
Federal funding	18.3
External funding expected, %
No federal funding	11.5
Federal funding	45.4
Industry not involved, %
No federal funding	27.3
Federal funding	38.7
Industry involved, %
No federal funding	9.8
Federal funding	24.2
Misbehavior at least once in previous three years, %
Neglect or carelessness	60.4
Ten most serious misbehaviors	23.4
Misconduct*	8.0
Careless or inappropriate peer review	8.2
Circumventing human-subjects requirements	2.7
Ideal behaviors “always” practiced, %
Disclose financial conflict of interest	96.4
Comply with human-subjects regulations and laws	88.2
Preserve anonymity and intellectual rights	84.9
Maintain data integrity and confidentiality	82.8
Provide rationale for peer review judgments	81.6
Recuse self from reviewing colleagues’ work	76.8
Coauthors are able to justify authorship	63.3
Monitor trainees’ work and development	57.5
Set clear rules with trainees	48.5
Clear agreements with collaborators	34.0

^*Misconduct includes fabrication of data, falsification of data, and plagiarism.