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. 2011 Apr 6;6(4):e18262. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018262

Figure 3. Shifts of pupillary reflex curves by valence and arousal.

Figure 3

The pupillary reflex curve is plotted by the pupil diameter of the first 15 consecutive fixations (duration ≈5 seconds) in the scan path and pooled over 22 subjects. (A) Shifts of the pupillary reflex curves by emotional arousal (p<0.01, repeated ANOVA). Pupil diameter while viewing low (LA) and high arousal pictures (HA) is larger than viewing medium arousal pictures (ML), indicating a non-linear effect of arousal (F(1,14) = 66.022, p<0.01). (B) Shifts of the pupillary reflex curves by hedonic valence (p<0.01, repeated ANOVA). Pupil size while viewing valenced pictures is linearly related to the valence level, suggesting a linear effect of valence (F(1,14)  = 66.022, p<0.01).