Table 4.
Risk factors for progression to proteinuria demonstrated by multivariate Cox regression analysis
| Risk factor | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conventional/intervention | 1.01 | 0.63–1.61 | 0.98 |
| Age, +10 years | 1.03 | 0.71–1.49 | 0.87 |
| Sex, woman/man | 0.74 | 0.41–1.34 | 0.32 |
| Duration, +10 years | 1.16 | 0.80–1.68 | 0.44 |
| BMI, +1 kg/m2 | 1.01 | 0.93–1.10 | 0.73 |
| SBP, 120–140/<120 mmHg | 1.90 | 0.73–4.95 | 0.19 |
| SBP, ≥140/<120 mmHg | 2.55 | 0.98–6.63 | 0.05 |
| HbA1c, 7–9/<7% | 2.22 | 1.00–4.96 | 0.05 |
| HbA1c, ≥9/<7% | 4.16 | 1.73–10.04 | <0.01 |
| LDL-cholesterol, ≥4.0/<4.0 mmol/l | 0.85 | 0.48–1.49 | 0.57 |
| Triacylglycerol, ≥2.3/<2.3 mmol/l | 1.60 | 0.88–2.89 | 0.12 |
| HDL-cholesterol, ≥1.0/<1.0 mmol/l | 1.43 | 0.79–2.61 | 0.24 |
| UACR, ≥3.4/<3.4 mg/mmol | 6.98 | 4.02–12.10 | <0.01 |
| Current smoker/past or never smoker | 1.87 | 1.07–3.25 | 0.03 |
| Ethanol intake, ≥38 g/<38 g/day | 0.99 | 0.98–1.01 | 0.38 |
Missing values meant 126 patients were excluded