Table 3.
Clinical Characteristics and Symptoms Assessed as Either Entry Criteria or Outcomes
| Ref. | First Author | Evidence Level | Title | Clinical Testing Described/Performed | Symptoms | Transillumination (Obstruction and Dropout) | MG Obstruction | MG Secretions | Interferometry | Eyelid Temperature | Lid Debris | Lid Edema/Thickening | Irregular Lid | Lid Hyperemia/Erythema | Lid Telangiectasia | Conjunctival Papillae/Hyperemia | TFBUT | Corneal Staining | Schirmer's Test | Contact Lens Wear | Acne Rosacea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | Perry HD | I | Efficacy of commercially available topical cyclosporine A 0.05% in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction | Yes | Yes | Yes (plugging) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||
| 21 | Schechter BA | I | Efficacy of topical cyclosporine for the treatment of ocular rosacea | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||
| 26 | Yoo SE | I | The effect of low-dose doxycycline therapy in chronic meibomian gland dysfunction | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||||
| 8 | Goto E | I–II | Low-concentration homogenized castor oil eye drops for noninflamed obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||
| 20 | Rubin M | I–II | Efficacy of topical cyclosporin 0.05% in the treatment of posterior blepharitis | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||
| 10 | Luchs J | II | Efficacy of topical azithromycin ophthalmic solution 1% in the treatment of posterior blepharitis. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||
| 12 | Matsumoto Y | II | The evaluation of the treatment response in obstructive meibomian gland disease by in vivo laser confocal microscopy | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||
| 15 | Olson MC | II | Increase in tear film lipid layer thickness following treatment with warm compresses in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||
| 16 | Paugh JR | II | Meibomian therapy in problematic contact lens wear | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||
| 18 | Pinna A | II | Effect of oral linoleic and gamma-linolenic acid on meibomian gland dysfunction | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||
| 19 | Romero JM | II | Conservative treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||
| 24 | Souchier M | II | Changes in meibomian fatty acids and clinical signs in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction after minocycline treatment | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||
| 25 | Yalcin E | II | N-acetylcysteine in chronic blepharitis | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||||||
| 14 | Mori A | II–III | Disposable eyelid-warming device for the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||||
| 1 | Albietz JM | III | Effect of antibacterial honey on the ocular flora in tear deficiency and meibomian gland disease | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||
| 2 | Blackie CA | III | Inner eyelid surface temperature as a function of warm compress methodology | Yes | |||||||||||||||||
| 3 | Cetinkaya A | III | Pediatric ocular acne rosacea: long-term treatment with systemic antibiotics | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||
| 4 | Dougherty JM | III | The role of tetracycline in chronic blepharitis. Inhibition of lipase production in staphylococci | No | |||||||||||||||||
| 5 | Epstein GA | III | Combined excision and drainage with intralesional corticosteroid injection in the treatment of chronic chalazia | ||||||||||||||||||
| 6 | Goto E | III | Improvement of tear stability following warm compression in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||
| 7 | Goto E | III | Treatment of non-inflamed obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction by an infrared warm compression device | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||
| 9 | Ishida R | III | Tear film with “Orgahexa EyeMasks” in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||
| 11 | Matsumoto Y | III | Efficacy of a new warm moist air device on tear functions of patients with simple meibomian gland dysfunction | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||
| 13 | Meisler DM | III | Oral erythromycin treatment for childhood blepharokeratitis | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||||
| 22 | Shine WE | III | Minocycline effect on meibomian gland lipids in meibomianitis patients | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||||||||||||
| 23 | Song CH | III | Enhanced secretory group II PLA2 activity in the tears of chronic blepharitis patients | No | |||||||||||||||||
| Total (n) | 24 | 13 | 8 | 12 | 14 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 14 | 15 | 11 | 2 | 3 | |||
| % (of 26) | 92.3% | 50.0% | 30.8% | 46.2% | 53.8% | 19.2% | 11.5% | 3.8% | 26.9% | 14.4% | 26.9% | 23.1% | 11.5% | 53.8% | 57.7% | 42.3% | 7.7% | 11.5% |