Table 1.

Malaria epidemiology and vector management strategy in the study countries in 2004

Epidemiology and vector management strategy	Mozambique	South Africa	Zimbabwe
Estimated annual malaria deaths, 2006 (WHO 2008)	19211	146	1342
Malaria transmission	Year-round and stable in the whole country, with a peak following the rainy season. Some epidemic-prone areas.	Seasonal in small areas in three provinces near the Mozambique and Swaziland borders. Large malaria-free areas.	Year round or seasonal, depending on the area. Some malaria-free areas.
National strategy	IRS in cities and rural areas with economic potential. ITNs in other rural areas, typically distributed by NGOs.	IRS only, in transmission areas. ITNs as a preventive measure at an individual level.	IRS and ITNs (typically distributed by NGOs) in transmission areas.