Table 1.

Summary of previous studies on the accuracy of MRI-derived 3D cartilage models

Validation method	Specimens	No. of specimens	Error quantification
Cartilage volume	Femoral, tibial, and patellar cartilage from amputated knees, and patellar cartilage from TKR surgery [3] Tibial cartilage from TKR surgery [8] Tibial and patellar cartilage from TKR surgery [10] Femoral, tibial, and patellar cartilage from cadaveric human knees [12]	3+3 8 Half of 21 8	8.2% and 5.9% for two MRI methods rms average 5.5% qMRI overestimation in patella (5.1%) and lateral tibia (3.6%), and underestimation in medial tibia (−3.1%) 3.6%, 3.8%, 4.2%, and 1.1% for patellar, femoral, medial, and lateral cartilage, respectively
Cartilage surface area	Tibial and patellar cartilage from TKR surgery [10]	21	4.6% to 9.1%
Cartilage thickness	Tibial cartilage from TKR surgery [8] Tibial and patellar cartilage from TKR surgery [10] Femoral, tibial, and patellar cartilage from cadaveric human knees [12]	8 Half of 21 8	rms average 6.2% 4.3% for patella and 12.3% for medial tibia For patella, 84.5% of the surface <1 mm error