Figure 4. Electric field magnitudes along a centerline directly above the insulator (shown in upper-right corner) in the secondary current distribution model.

At applied voltage lower than ∼3.2 V, conductivity substantially influences electric field magnitudes and increases in applied voltage increase electric field magnitudes. At applied voltages higher than ∼3.2 V, conductivity negligibly influences electric field magnitudes and increases in applied voltage do not affect electric field magnitudes.