Table 3.

Motivational constructs from the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI), sample items and psychometric properties (N = 93). (Figures above refer to the virtual microscopy condition and figures below to ordinary instruction.)

Construct	Example item	Number of items	Cronbach Alpha
Interest/enjoyment	“I would describe this instructional intervention (W) /the microscopic demonstrations (N) as very interesting.”	7/7 (all original IMI items)	0.85 0.90
Perceived competence	“I think I was pretty good at W/N.”	6/6 plus one additional item	0.84 0.90
Perceived effort	“I put a lot of effort into W/N.”	5/5 (all original items)	0.82 0.86
Pressure/tension	“I felt very tense while doing W/N.”	5/5 (all original IMI items)	0.74 0.83
Perceived choice	“I did W/N because I had to.” (reversed)	5/7 IMI items	0.76 0.90
Value/usefulness	“I think doing W/N was useful for my learning.”	7/7 IMI items plus one additional item	0.86 0.90