Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Apr 11.
Published in final edited form as: Cell. 2008 Aug 22;134(4):657–667. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.049

Figure 5. Senescent activated HSCs downregulate extracellular matrix production and upregulate genes that modulate immune surveillance.

Figure 5

A. Activated HSCs treated with a DNA damaging agent, etoposide (Senescent), and intact proliferating cells (Growing) were stained for SA-β-gal activity and for expression of HSC markers (αSMA, GFAP, Vimentin) by immunofluorescent staining (green) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Insets: Higher magnification of DAPI stained nuclear DNA shows presence of heterochromatic foci in senescent cells. Arrowheads point to nuclei shown in the insets. B. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis reveals decreased expression of extracellular matrix components in senescent activated HSCs. C. Extracellular matrix degrading matrix metalloproteinases are upregulated in senescent activated HSCs. Values represent the average of duplicate samples from microarrays. D. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis reveals increased expression of cytokines, adhesion molecules and NK cell receptor ligands in senescent activated HSCs and IMR-90 cells as compared to growing cells.