Figure 3.

Cellular helicases involved in HIV-1 replication. DExH/D helicases with a known function in HIV-1 replication are indicated beside the corresponding step in the replication cycle of HIV-1: (1) Receptor-mediated entry; (2) Reverse transcription of viral genomic RNA to DNA and integration into host chromosome to render the provirus; (3) Transcription of HIV -1 provirus and accumulation of viral mRNA; (4) Post-transcription includes RNA processing and export from the nucleus; (5) Translation of viral transcripts on polysomes; (6) Assembly of viral structural and enzymatic proteins and unspliced viral transcript into progeny virions that bud from the plasma membrane.