Table 2.
Overview of the role of cellular helicases in replication cycle of indicated virus
| RNA helicase | Virus | Role in replication cycle |
| DDX3 | HIV-1 | Binds CRM1 and HIV-1 Rev and increases Gag protein production |
| Vaccinia virus | Interacts with vaccinia virus K7 protein, which blocks transcriptional activation of the interferon responsive genes | |
| Hepatitis B virus (HBV) | Restricts viral replication by binding to HBV Polymerase and inhibiting reverse transcription of HBV RNA to DNA | |
| Hepatitis C virus (HCV) | Important for HCV RNA replication | |
| RHA | Retroviruses: HIV-1, human T-cell leukemia virus type 1, bovine leukemia virus, spleen necrosis virus, feline leukemia virus, Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) | Associates with post-transcriptional control element (PCE) in the 5′ untranslated region and facilitates translation of the transcript Facilitates annealing of tRNA to viral RNA during virus assembly Incorporated into HIV-1 virions and facilitates virion infectivity |
| MPMV | Associates with the constitutive transport element (CTE) in the 3′ UTR that binds the TAP nuclear export receptor; may augment release of CTE-containing RNA from the nuclear pore complex | |
| Bovine viral diarrhea virus | Binds to the 5′ and 3′ termini of viral RHA; enhances replication | |
| HCV | Required for HCV replication | |
| Foot and mouth disease virus | Binds to the 5′ and 3′ termini of viral RHA; enhances replication | |
| DHX30 | HIV-1 | Overexpression increases steady state HIV -1 RNA and decreases virion RNA in progeny virions |
| DDX1 | HIV-1 | Interacts with HIV-1 Rev; affects nuclear export of unspliced reporter mRNA |
| JC virus | Binds the JC virus transcriptional control region; facilitates productive expression of early and late JCV transcripts | |
| Infectious bronchitis virus | Interacts with coronavirus non-structural protein 14 and colocalizes with the viral RNA | |
| RH116 | HIV-1 | Overexpression increases steady state HIV-1 mRNA |
| DDX24 | HIV-1 | Interacts with HIV-1 Gag; downregulation modestly reduces nuclear export of unspliced HIV-1 mRNA; reduces viral RNA in virions; reduces the RNA infectivity of progeny virions |
| p68 | HCV | Interacts with HCV NS5B; required for transcription of negative strand viral RNA |
| Mov10 | Hepatitis delta virus | Required for viral replication |
| Retroviruses: HIV-1, simian influenza virus, murine leukemia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus, equine infectious anemia virus | Activity as antiviral restriction factor | |
| HIV-1 | Interacts with HIV-1 Gag, packaged into virions and affects proteolytic processing; overexpression or downregulation reduces infectivity of progeny virions |