Table 3.
Associations between birth measurements and cognitive tests: Multiple linear regression analysis
| Cognitive Tests | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Measurements |
Atlantis (SD) | Word Order (SD) | Pattern Reasoning (SD) |
Verbal Fluency Animals (SD) |
Verbal Fluency First Names (SD) |
Kohs block design (SD) |
Coding-WISC-III (SD) |
| B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | |
| Birthweight (SD) | |||||||
| Model 1 | 0.1 (0.03, 0.22)** | 0.1 (−0.03, 0.16) | 0.1 (−0.003, 0.18) | 0.04 (−0.05, 0.13) | −0.01 (−0.10, 0.08) | 0.2 (0.07, 0.25)** | 0.03 (−0.05, 0.12) |
| Model 2 | 0.1 (−0.001, 0.18) | 0.02 (−0.07, 0.11) | 0.03 (−0.05, 0.12) | 0.01 (−0.09, 0.10) | −0.04 (−0.13, 0.05) | 0.1 (0.02, 0.20)* | −0.005 (−0.09, 0.08) |
| Model 3 | 0.1 (0.02, 0.21)* | 0.03 (−0.06, 0.13) | 0.04 (−0.05, 0.14) | 0.03 (−0.07, 0.13) | −0.05 (−0.15, 0.05) | 0.1 (0.03, 0.22)* | −0.04 (−0.14, 0.05) |
| Model 4 | 0.06 (−0.04, 0.16) | −0.02 (−0.12, 0.08) | 0.005 (−0.09, 0.10) | −0.01 (−0.11, 0.10) | −0.06 (−0.16, 0.04) | 0.09 (−0.01, 0.19) | −0.07 (−0.17, 0.02) |
| Head circumference (SD) | |||||||
| Model 1 | 0.2 (0.07, 0.26)** | 0.1 (0.01, 0.19)* | 0.06 (−0.04, 0.15) | 0.02 (−0.07, 0.12) | 0.02 (−0.08, 0.11) | 0.1 (0.04, 0.23)** | 0.02 (−0.07, 0.11) |
| Model 2 | 0.1 (0.03, 0.21)** | 0.05 (−0.04, 0.15) | −0.01 (−0.09, 0.08) | −0.02 (−0.11, 0.08) | −0.02 (−0.11, 0.07) | 0.08 (−0.01, 0.17) | −0.03 (−0.12, 0.06) |
| Model 3 | 0.1 (0.04, 0.23)** | 0.07 (−0.02, 0.16) | 0.001 (−0.09, 0.09) | −0.01 (−0.10, 0.09) | −0.01 (−0.10, 0.09) | 0.08 (−0.01, 0.18) | −0.05 (−0.14, 0.04) |
| Model 4 | 0.08 (−0.02, 0.19) | 0.004 (−0.10, 0.11) | −0.06 (−0.16, 0.04) | −0.06 (−0.17, 0.04) | −0.05 (−0.15, 0.06) | 0.04 (−0.06, 0.14) | −0.12 (−0.22, −0.02)* |
*
p≤0.05;
**
p≤0.01
Model 1 adjusted for sex, gestation and child’s age at the time of study;
Model 2 adjusted for model 1 parameters + SLI, parent’s education;
Model 3 adjusted for model 2 parameters + parity, maternal age, BMI, height at pregnancy, urban/rural residence and time of testing;
Model 4 adjusted for model 3 parameters + child’s current head circumference.