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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Mar 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Card Fail. 2010 Dec 24;17(3):253–263. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2010.10.008

(A) Adult A₁-AR induction. Doxycycline (DOX) was removed from transgenic mice at 3 weeks of age to induce A₁-AR expression (A₁-TG_Ind). Percent fractional shortening (%FS) were determined in A₁-TG_Ind mice at 10 week-of-age and at 26 week-of-age. *P<0.05 vs 10 week-old A₁-TG_Ind. (B) Caveolin-3, A₁-AR and GAPDH expression in 10–12 week-old WT (N=8), 20–26 week-old WT (N=4), 10–12 week-old A₁-TG_ind (N=4) and 20–26 week-old A₁-TG_ind (N=8) mouse left ventricles. Data shown are mean +/− SE. *p<0.05. (C) Caveolin-3 and GAPDH expression in 12 week-old WT and TNF 1.6 left ventricular tissues (N=4). Data shown are mean +/− SE. *p<0.05. (D) Cardiac function (FS%) and caveolin-3 protein expression were obtained from mice with the following genotypes: WT FVB mice (N=4), 10 wk-old A₁-TG_con (N=6), 10 wk-old A₁-TG_Ind (N=8), 26 wk-old A₁-TG_Ind (N=6), 10 wk-old A₁/A_2A-TG_con (N=5), TNF 1.6 (N=4). Non-parametric Spearman Rank test was used to correlate Cav3 expression with fractional shortening. Graph showed FS% and Caveolin-3/GAPDH scatter plot. Linear trend bar showed the significant correlation between caveolin-3 expression and fractional shortening (r=0.65; p<0.001).

(A) Adult A₁-AR induction. Doxycycline (DOX) was removed from transgenic mice at 3 weeks of age to induce A₁-AR expression (A₁-TG_Ind). Percent fractional shortening (%FS) were determined in A₁-TG_Ind mice at 10 week-of-age and at 26 week-of-age. *P<0.05 vs 10 week-old A₁-TG_Ind. (B) Caveolin-3, A₁-AR and GAPDH expression in 10–12 week-old WT (N=8), 20–26 week-old WT (N=4), 10–12 week-old A₁-TG_ind (N=4) and 20–26 week-old A₁-TG_ind (N=8) mouse left ventricles. Data shown are mean +/− SE. *p<0.05. (C) Caveolin-3 and GAPDH expression in 12 week-old WT and TNF 1.6 left ventricular tissues (N=4). Data shown are mean +/− SE. *p<0.05. (D) Cardiac function (FS%) and caveolin-3 protein expression were obtained from mice with the following genotypes: WT FVB mice (N=4), 10 wk-old A₁-TG_con (N=6), 10 wk-old A₁-TG_Ind (N=8), 26 wk-old A₁-TG_Ind (N=6), 10 wk-old A₁/A_2A-TG_con (N=5), TNF 1.6 (N=4). Non-parametric Spearman Rank test was used to correlate Cav3 expression with fractional shortening. Graph showed FS% and Caveolin-3/GAPDH scatter plot. Linear trend bar showed the significant correlation between caveolin-3 expression and fractional shortening (r=0.65; p<0.001).