FIGURE 1. Ribbon diagram of an uncleaved hemagglutinin monomer from the 1918 influenza A virus (H1N1), the causative agent of the “Spanish flu” pandemic.
The head contains the sialic acid receptor-binding site, which is surrounded by the five predicted antigenic sites (Sa, Sb, Ca1, Ca2, and Cb). The stem comprises helices A and B and the fusion peptide, as shown. (Adapted from a figure, kindly provided by James Stevens and Ian Wilson, in [1].)